Numerical modelling of rare earth element fractionation trends in garnet: a tool to monitor skarn evolution
Jing XuCristiana L. CiobanuNigel J. CookYouye ZhengLI Xiao-fengBenjamin P. WadeMax R. Verdugo‐IhlWenyuan GaoQiaoqiao Zhu
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Rare-earth element
Trace element
Sichuan Province is one of the most important provinces in China for light rare earth element(LREE) resources,where has been produced a large amount of rare earth concentrate in the past 20 years.Rare earth elements ΣREEs) and other useful elements in rare earth concentrates are very important for resource evaluation and enterprise survival.In this paper,geochemistry of rare earth elements(REEs) and trace elements in samples from the Jia,Yi and Bing REE deposits has been studied.The results show that the content of REEs and trace elements in rare earth concentrate samples are changed in different deposit,enterprise and different mineral dressing process.The lowest level of ΣREEs is from Jia(ΣREEs = 41.96%),the highest level is from Bing(ΣREEs =55.83%).ΣREEs of magnetic concentrate(ΣREEs = 49.96%) is higher than flotation concentrate(ΣREEs =41.57%),and ΣREEs from A Company(ΣREEs =48.35%) is higher than from B Company(ΣREEs = 42.92%).The REE distribution patterns of concentrate sample are inherited from rare earth ores while Tb and Yb are depleted,indicating that the mineral dressing process may lead to loss of these elements.REEs are enriched in concentrate sample,and Mo,Bi,Pb,Ga,Th,U,W are also enriched.Especially,Mo and Ga are in cut-off grade.These results indicate that it is necessary to increase REE grade of rare earth concentrate,and to take appropriate measures to reclaim higher concentration elements.
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The Mt Vulture carbonatites are the only carbonatite occurrence in the southern Apennines. We present new trace element data for these rocks in order to evaluate the factors influencing rare earth element (REE) and other trace element fractionations and their REE grade. This study focuses on massive hyalo-alvikites from two lava flows and one dike, which have different relative abundances of silicate and carbonate (i.e. Si/Ca). These differences are also evident from CaO/(CaO + MgO + FeO(T) + MnO) and Sr/Ba ratios. The REE grade of the Mt Vulture carbonatites is very similar to that of the global average for calcio-carbonatites. R-mode factor analysis shows that most of the trace element variance reflects the relative roles of carbonate and silicate minerals in influencing trace element distributions. Silicates largely control heavy rare earth element (HREE), transition metal, Zr, and Th abundances, whereas carbonate minerals control light rare earth element (LREE), Ba, and Pb abundances. In addition, apatite influences LREE concentrations. Increasing silica contents are accompanied by decreases in (La/Yb)N and (La/Sm)N ratios and less marked LREE enrichment. In contrast, higher carbonate contents are associated with increases in (La/Yb)N and (La/Sm)N. The Si/Ca ratio has little influence on Eu anomalies and middle rare earth element (MREE) to HREE fractionations. Apatite has a negligible effect on inter-REE fractionations amongst the carbonatites.
Carbonatite
Trace element
Rare-earth element
Silicate minerals
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Rare-earth element
Trace element
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