Research Article| February 21, 2018 Additional records of ichnogenus Rhizocorallium from the Lower and Middle Triassic, South China: Implications for biotic recovery after the end-Permian mass extinction Xueqian Feng; Xueqian Feng 1State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Zhong-Qiang Chen; Zhong-Qiang Chen † 1State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China †Corresponding author: zhong.qiang.chen@cug.edu.cn. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar David J. Bottjer; David J. Bottjer 2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Margaret L. Fraiser; Margaret L. Fraiser 3Department of Geosciences, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Yan Xu; Yan Xu 1State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Mao Luo Mao Luo 4School of Life and Environmental Sciences & Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, Victoria 3125, Australia Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Xueqian Feng 1State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China Zhong-Qiang Chen † 1State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China David J. Bottjer 2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA Margaret L. Fraiser 3Department of Geosciences, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA Yan Xu 1State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China Mao Luo 4School of Life and Environmental Sciences & Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, Victoria 3125, Australia †Corresponding author: zhong.qiang.chen@cug.edu.cn. Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 24 Nov 2016 Revision Received: 10 Nov 2017 Accepted: 15 Jan 2018 First Online: 21 Feb 2018 Online Issn: 1943-2674 Print Issn: 0016-7606 © 2018 Geological Society of America GSA Bulletin (2018) 130 (7-8): 1197–1215. https://doi.org/10.1130/B31715.1 Article history Received: 24 Nov 2016 Revision Received: 10 Nov 2017 Accepted: 15 Jan 2018 First Online: 21 Feb 2018 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Xueqian Feng, Zhong-Qiang Chen, David J. Bottjer, Margaret L. Fraiser, Yan Xu, Mao Luo; Additional records of ichnogenus Rhizocorallium from the Lower and Middle Triassic, South China: Implications for biotic recovery after the end-Permian mass extinction. GSA Bulletin 2018;; 130 (7-8): 1197–1215. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/B31715.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract The ichnogenus Rhizocorallium is represented by complex burrow networks that have been interpreted as an indication of biotic recovery following major mass extinctions. Thousands of specimens of this ichnogenus are observed from Lower–Middle Triassic successions in 10 sections of South China, and they are identified to eight known or uncertain ichnospecies. Globally, Rhizocorallium was sporadically present in the Griesbachian–Smithian interval, underwent specific proliferation and spatial expansion in the Spathian, and became very abundant during the Anisian. In general, the Spathian and Pelsonian (middle–late Anisian) saw ichnospecies richness peaks and morphologic complexity. Burrow sizes of Rhizocorallium generally all increase from the Griesbachian to Spathian, followed by a relatively steeper increase from the Spathian to Pelsonian. Rhizocorallium possesses the shallowest penetration depths of burrows prior to the Spathian and follows a pattern of occupying stepwise-increasing tiers from the Spathian to Pelsonian. The Rhizocorallium-bearing strata possess fairly high bioturbation levels in the Spathian and Anisian. The global Early–Middle Triassic Rhizocorallium ichnotaxa were distributed among seven habitat types in shallow seas. They, however, had an environmental preference for carbonate lagoon settings. Pre-Spathian Rhizocorallium possessed a relatively smaller size, shallower depth penetration, few ichnospecies, and limited ecologic/environmental and geographic distributions. Their occurrences in that time indicate early stages of recovery. This is consistent with other biota, which still suffered postextinction biotic depletion and environmental stresses. Although Spathian Rhizocorallium possessed elevated ichnospecies numbers and morphologic complexity, as well as environmental and geographic expansion, most ichnotaxa remained relatively small and thus may indicate stages 2–3 of ecologic recovery. In comparison, middle–late Anisian Rhizocorallium not only showed the highest ichnospecies richness and deepest penetration depth, but it also exhibited the greatest morphologic complexity and largest burrow sizes, with some forms having tube diameters >20 mm. This indicates the final stage (4) of ecologic recovery following the end-Permian crisis. Measured by all ichno-ecologic proxies, Early–Middle Triassic Rhizocorallium ichnotaxa show a stepwise recovery pattern: unexpected rebound in the Griesbachian–Smithian, an increased ecologic recovery in the Spathian, and a full recovery in the middle–late Anisian (Middle Triassic). You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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