Exploring the potential reuse of phosphogypsum: A waste or a resource?

In general, the phosphatic rock contains around 0.05 wt% rare earth elements (REEs). The global commercial phosphatic rock output is anticipated to obtain 250 million tons per year, making phosphate rocks a significant source of REEs. The review discusses the geological aspects of phosphate rocks, their availability, and methodologies to convert them to phosphoric acid and ultimately to phosphogypsum. Phosphogypsum (PG) is a high-volume by-product of phosphate-based chemical industries that produce phosphoric acid. Because of the low radioactivity of radionuclide contaminants, roughly 85% of PG is stored in open fields. These PG stacks require enormous land areas, cause substantial upkeep expenses, and may create major environmental damage. Apart from the detailed analysis of metal worth in phosphogypsum, the efforts put forth by researchers in recovering valuable rare earth elements from PG have been discussed. Additionally, the processes for metal separation and purification are also discussed in vogue.

Phosphogypsum

Phosphorite

Phosphoric acid

10.1080/08827508.2022.2161537

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Citations (11)

Radiological assessment of Iraqi phosphate rock and phosphate fertilizers

Arabian Journal of Geosciences (2015)

Kamal K. Ali Y. Dh. Awad

Phosphogypsum

Phosphorite

Radium