Strategies for the development of volcanic hazard maps in monogenetic volcanic fields: the example of La Palma (Canary Islands)
17
Citation
105
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
Traditionally volcanic-hazard assessments have been applied to stratovolcanoes, where volcanic hazard maps represent important tools for volcanic crisis management and land-use planning. In recent years, several improvements have been made for monogenetic volcanic fields focused on, among other things, the development of spatial models to deal with one of the main problems in these areas, namely the unknown vent location. However, volcanic hazard maps of monogenetic volcanic fields present some significant differences with respect to those developed for stratovolcanoes, including the fact that they commonly represent multiple eruptive processes spread over the possible vent opening area. Likewise, the scientific communication of the volcanic-hazard assessment and how this information is comprehended are critical issues in the development of mitigation strategies for monogenetic volcanic fields. In this research, we focused on developing volcanic hazard maps using simple numerical hazard models in combination with a random approach for vent location to cover the whole vent opening area. We added some spatial methods to better manage potentially affected areas. The maps were designed for use in a digital environment (Geographic Information System) by Civil Protection professionals in high-risk monogenetic volcanic fields on small oceanic islands. The methodology presented does not use susceptibility base maps for hazard assessment to avoid possible underestimation of low probability areas by Civil Protection. The methodology represents an attempt to respond to the most important questions of where, when and how a new eruption might take place in a monogenetic volcanic field. The example presented here was developed for La Palma (Canary Islands).Keywords:
Stratovolcano
Volcanic hazards
Hazard map
Vulcanian eruption
Hazard map
Volcanic hazards
Lahar
Debris flow
Cite
Citations (46)
The Mount Meager Volcanic Complex (Mount Meager) is a glacier-clad stratovolcanic system in southwestern British Columbia which last erupted over 2400 years ago (VEI 4). While this is Canada's most recent major explosive eruption, most past research on Mount Meager has focused on its numerous and large volume landslides and thus the volcanic hazard characteristics remain understudied. Here we present a suite of scenario-based hazard maps and an assessment addressing a range of potential future explosive eruptions and associated hazards. In order to overcome limited knowledge of the eruptive history, numerical models have been used to simulate the primary syneruptive hazards of concern (dome-collapse pyroclastic density currents, lahars and tephra fallout) largely utilizing eruption parameters from analogous volcanoes, i.e., glacier-clad stratovolcanoes in a subduction zone setting. This study provides a framework for similar volcanic hazard studies where geologic data is limited, funds are minimal, and access is difficult. Furthermore, this sets the stage for recognizing volcanic hazards in the Canadian landscape, providing a resource to prepare for and mitigate potential impacts well in advance of a crisis situation.
Mount
Volcanic hazards
Cite
Citations (16)
Abstract The November 13, 1985 Nevado del Ruiz volcanic eruption that killed approximately 25.000 people was the fourth largest volcanic disaster in human history. Different versions of the volcanic hazard map of this volcano were prepared before and after the disaster, being the first map of its kind made in Colombia. Preparation of the hazard maps was not timely, and there was poor dissemination of its content. The Volcanic Hazard Map of Nevado del Ruiz Volcano was recently incorporated into a GIS, in order to make it accessible to both casual and expert users. It was simplified showing only the zones likely to be affected by given volcanic processes. For the volcano's area of influence, perspective views were generated by combining topographic data with the hazard map polygons superimposed on a Landsat TM 5 mosaic. Database visualization in 3‐D enabled complex volcanic hazard data, to be more readily understood by decision makers and the general public.
Volcanic hazards
Hazard map
Casual
Lahar
Volcanology
Cite
Citations (1)
Traditionally volcanic-hazard assessments have been applied to stratovolcanoes, where volcanic hazard maps represent important tools for volcanic crisis management and land-use planning. In recent years, several improvements have been made for monogenetic volcanic fields focused on, among other things, the development of spatial models to deal with one of the main problems in these areas, namely the unknown vent location. However, volcanic hazard maps of monogenetic volcanic fields present some significant differences with respect to those developed for stratovolcanoes, including the fact that they commonly represent multiple eruptive processes spread over the possible vent opening area. Likewise, the scientific communication of the volcanic-hazard assessment and how this information is comprehended are critical issues in the development of mitigation strategies for monogenetic volcanic fields. In this research, we focused on developing volcanic hazard maps using simple numerical hazard models in combination with a random approach for vent location to cover the whole vent opening area. We added some spatial methods to better manage potentially affected areas. The maps were designed for use in a digital environment (Geographic Information System) by Civil Protection professionals in high-risk monogenetic volcanic fields on small oceanic islands. The methodology presented does not use susceptibility base maps for hazard assessment to avoid possible underestimation of low probability areas by Civil Protection. The methodology represents an attempt to respond to the most important questions of where, when and how a new eruption might take place in a monogenetic volcanic field. The example presented here was developed for La Palma (Canary Islands).
Stratovolcano
Volcanic hazards
Hazard map
Vulcanian eruption
Cite
Citations (17)
Stratovolcano
Volcanic hazards
Shield volcano
Phreatomagmatic eruption
Volcanic cone
Phreatic
Cite
Citations (0)
Volcanic hazards
Lahar
Hazard map
Natural hazard
Preparedness
Geologic hazards
Cite
Citations (18)