Paleocurrent analysis on the basal conglomerate of the model Changzhougou formation in Qian’an
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Paleocurrent
Conglomerate
The paleoflow direction of the basal conglomerate of the Changzhougou formation is obtained by the paleocurrent analysis of certain sedimentary structures, and the ancient sedimentary environment of the Qian’an Region is determined by observing the psephicity and gradation of gravel in conglomerate. The results show that the paleoflow direction is from northwest to southwest, and the paleocurrent data manifest a single-peak style in a rose diagram. The average paleoflow direction in the Qian’an region is 265°. The basal conglomerate is of littoral facies, and the sediments of conglomerates are mainly sourced from Shanhaiguan.
Paleocurrent
Conglomerate
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Three layers of tillites are developed in the Beiyixi formation,Teriaikan formation and Hangeerqiaoke formation of the Neoproterozoic in Quruqtagh region.Analysis of the sedimentary environment is made according to the characteristics of deposition.In the Beiyixi formation,tillite conglomerate are interbedded with granule clastic rocks and volcanic rocks.The tillites are glacio-marine sedimentary with nubby,stratification-lack structure.In the Teriaikan formation,siltstone and limestone are thinly interbedded with tillite conglomerates.Several large drift conglomerates existed.The tillites are subglacial sedimentary with nubby,stratification-lack structure.In the Hangeerqiaoke formation,the main lithologies are tillite muddy gravel and tillite conglomerate.Several lenticular sandstone and sandy gravels can occasionally be seen.The deposits are nubby and stratification-lack subglacial sedimentary.On the top of the Hangeerqiaoke formation there is a glacio-lake sedimentary sequence with tillite and pelite.
Conglomerate
Siltstone
Lithology
Stratification (seeds)
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Paleocurrent
Conglomerate
Devonian
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Tectogenic sediments of the latest Cretaceous-Paleocene Evanston Formation were deposited in proximal braided streams in northeastern Utah, and in distal gravelly rivers in the Fossil basin of southwestern Wyoming. Paleocurrent data provide evidence for a north-to-south axial drainage system in both areas. The ubiquitous presence of Precambrian-Cambrian clast types throughout the Evanston Formation indicates a source area in the present day Bear River Range (Paris and Willard thrust plates). The Sublette Range Conglomerate is a crudely stratified, clast-supported, proximal braided stream deposit. Paleocurrent data and clast lithology also indicate a north-westerly source area on the Paris and Willard plates. It is proposed that the undated Sublette Range Conglomerate is a remnant of a proximal deposit which linked distal Evanston sediments in the Fossil basin with their source area on the Paris and Willard plates. Early Eocene reactivation of the Crawford thrust resulted in the present elevated position of the Sublette Range Conglomerate.
Paleocurrent
Conglomerate
Lithology
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Conglomerate
Paleocurrent
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The method of macro and micro geological evidence of the unification of sedimentary facies analysis is used,from the regional sedimentary background of the core material,combined with a field geological section,logging data,lithologic features,sedimentary structure characteristics,the sedimentary characteristics of facies pattern of Shanxi Formation are analyzed.In the research area of Shanxi Formation,three Sedimentary facies,five parfacies and ten sedimentary facies are obtained,In addition,the sedimentary characteristics and evolution of sedimentary facies of single well,profile of sedimentary facies of the well and the plane are shown as the basis,the sedimentary theory is used as guidance to determine the research area of Shan 1 Section which has a gentle sloping with shallow meandering river-delta-lakes facies pattern.The research provides a geological foundation for later exploration.
Lithology
Deposition
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Two Cretaceous(80-90 Ma) non-marine sedimentary basins, Namyang and Tando Basins, are distributed in the Namyang area, Hwaseonggun and in the Tando area, Ansanshi, Kyungki Province, Korea. The Namyang and Tando Basins are composed of 10 facies, which are pooped into 5 facies associations(FA). FA I consists of massive conglomerate facies, normally graded conglomerate facies and reversely graded conglomerate facies, which is interpreted to have been formed by laminated sandstone facies, massive conglomerate facies(channelized), which is thought to have been formed by sheet flow, stream flow and suspension sedimentation in an alluvial/braided plain environment. FA III consists of massive mudstone(pebbly) facies, laminated mudstone facies, massive sandstone facies and is interbedded by channel-fill conglomerate. It is interpreted to have been deposited by suspension settling during flooding and channel-fill deposition in a floodplain environment. FA IV consists of massive conglomerate facies, normally graded conglomerate facies, massive sandstone facies, normally graded sandstone facies, and laminated sandstone facies and is interbedded with mudstone facies. It is thought to have been deposited by debris flow and turbidity current in a fan-delta environment. FA V consists of massive mudstone facies, laminated mudstone facies, laminated sandstone facies and is interbedded by massive conglomerate bed. It is thought to have been formed by suspension sedimentation and low-density turbidity current in a lake. In the Namyang Basin FA I is distributed in the eastern and southern margin of the basin, FA II in the middle part of the basin as north-south tending band. and FA III in the western part. In the Tando Basin FA II is distributed in the middle part of eastern margin and in the northwestern margin, FA IV in the southwestern part, and FA V in the central part. Correlation of the facies associations shows that FA I and II in the Namyang Basin are distributed in the lower to middle part of stratigraphic sequence and FA III in the upper part of the sequence whereas FA II and IV in the Tando Basin are in the lower to middle part and FA V in the upper part of the sequence. These patterns of facies associations distribution suggest that the Namyang Basin was developed as an alluvial fan and alluvial/braided plain at first and then evolved into a floodplain whereas the Tando Basin was developed as a fan-delta and alluvial/braided plain at first and then evolved into a lake environment.
Conglomerate
Alluvial fan
Debris flow
Turbidity current
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Paleocurrent
Siliciclastic
Alluvial fan
Bedding
Conglomerate
Ripple marks
Basement
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