Tectonic and Hydrothermal Activities in Debagh, Guelma Basin (Algeria)
Saïd MaoucheAbdeslam AbtoutNacer-Eddine MerabetTahar Aı̈faAtmane LamaliBoualem BouyahiaouiSofiane Saïd BougchicheMohamed Ayache
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Quaternary and Pliocene travertines, deposited from hot springs, can reveal much about neotectonic and hydrothermal activity. The aim of this work is the understanding of the actual tectonic activity in the Guelma Basin and in one of its spa structures. Gravity data were collected during a field study in the Hammam Debagh (HD) area and then analyzed to better highlight the architecture of its subsurface underlying structures. This analysis was performed by means of a Bouguer anomaly, upward continuations, and residual and derivative maps. Comparison of gravity maps, field geology, geomorphic observations, and structural maps allowed us to identify the major structural features in the Hammam Debagh. As a result, we confirm the position of the Hammam Debagh active fault which is superimposed to the hydrothermal active source in the NW-SE direction characterized by a negative gravity anomaly.Keywords:
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ACHIEVEMENTS OF NEOTECTONIC STUDIES IN 1970-1990: AN ATTEMPT OF SUMMARY
Summary
Neotectonic studies in Poland concern mainly manifestations of those tectonic movements that have been active in Late Neogene and Quaternary times (Figs. 1, 2), as well as geodetically-measured recent vertical crustal movements. Among problems of particular interest, the following should be listed: periodicity of neotectonic (mostly Quaternary) activity, estimating parameters of the neotectonic stress field, amplitudes and rates of Quaternary and recent movements, development of neo tectonic grabens and young faults, mutual relationships among photolineaments, geologic structures and recent seismicity, manifestations of salt tectonics, as well as the role of tectonic reactivation of fault zones due to human (mostly mining) activity. New research techniques have been developed, focusing chiefly on morphometric-statistical analyses of tectonically deformed landforms, reconstruction- reconstruction of compaction history of young basins, as well as hydrogeological studies in different neotectonic domains. Future investigations should put more emphasis on paleoseismotectonic phenomena and practical application of neotectonic research.
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The Kofu Basin is a tectonic basin in the South Fossa Magna. On the southeast and west margins of the Basin, there develop two tectonically peculiar terrains the Sane Hills and the Ichinose Upland bordered with active faults. These boundary faults are considered to play an important role in the tectonics of the Basin, but those subsurface structures are not yet known well. We carried out a dense gravity survey in and around the Basin and contoured a detailed Bouguer anomaly map in the area concerned. On the west and southeast of the Basin, steep horizontal gravity gradient zones distribute in parallel along the active faults and they develop on the mountain side of the faults. This gravity feature suggests that the mountains are thrust over the Basin. We made two-dimensional subsurface structure analysis along two sections to cross the Sone Hills and the Ichinose Upland. It is concluded that the density boundaries are on the northern edge of the Sone Hills and on the western edge of the Ichinose Upland, respectively.
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The Yinggehai-Song Hong Basin lying to Vietnam land coast and the west of Hainan Island is a Cenozoic basin with strike-slip and pull-apart component and unique geologic characteristics.The formation of the basin is controlled by the Red River fault zone and geologic characteristics difference between both sides of the fault.Previous studies of the basin in China are concentrated in the eastern part of it,we lack of seismic survey lines and log data across the basin.Therefore,studies on the tectonic characteristics of the whole basin and deep crustal structure are relatively weak.The paper studied tectonic characteristics of the whole basin the using seismic profiles which across the whole basin provided by the CCOPICB transnational cooperation project and satellite altimetry gravity anomaly with 1′×1′precision.The basin is divided into11 tectonic elements according to the characteristics of faults' movement and combined with Bouguer gravity anomaly calculated from satellite altimetry gravity anomaly.Besides that,we inversed the basement and Moho depth of the basin constraint on interpretation results of seismic profiles and log data.And then,we discussed the deep crustal structure of the basin based on the technology of comprehensive geophysical inversion.
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Abstract Mediterranean basin exposed to ongoing processes of erosion and deformation. Neotectonics is the study of the geological processes involved in the deformation of the Earth’s crust. The topography of the terrain is greatly impacted by these neotectonic events, which has a considerable impact on the drainage pattern and general geomorphology of the region. In this work, the active tectonics were evaluated using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and several Geomorphic Indices in the Ain Zerga region of Northeast Algeria. Asymmetry factor, basin form, the ratio of valley floor width to valley height, the sinuosity of mountain fronts, hypsometric integral, hypsometric curve, and transverse topographic symmetry factor were some of the indices used. These findings emphasize the tremendous tectonic activity that exists in the study area. In comparison to sub-watershed N°2, sub-watersheds N°1, N°3, and N°4 had stronger tectonic activity, according to the examination of these geomorphic indicators. The Relative Tectonic Activity Index (Iat) distribution pattern, which concurred with other pieces of information such as stream deflection and lineament analysis, corroborated these conclusions. We were able to learn a lot about the different levels of tectonic activity in the sub-watersheds by using traditional geomorphic indices. The tectonic activity-exhibiting basins consistently displayed connections with structural disturbances, basin geometry, and field research. Geomorphic indices and morphometric characteristics were used to identify tectonically active zones in a portion of the Mellegue transboundary basin, which shows a considerable influence of neotectonic activity in a portion of the Neogene basin.
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Quaternary and Pliocene travertines, deposited from hot springs, can reveal much about neotectonic and hydrothermal activity. The aim of this work is the understanding of the actual tectonic activity in the Guelma Basin and in one of its spa structures. Gravity data were collected during a field study in the Hammam Debagh (HD) area and then analyzed to better highlight the architecture of its subsurface underlying structures. This analysis was performed by means of a Bouguer anomaly, upward continuations, and residual and derivative maps. Comparison of gravity maps, field geology, geomorphic observations, and structural maps allowed us to identify the major structural features in the Hammam Debagh. As a result, we confirm the position of the Hammam Debagh active fault which is superimposed to the hydrothermal active source in the NW-SE direction characterized by a negative gravity anomaly.
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ABSTRACT Avery Island, one of the Five Islands salt domes of south-central Louisiana, is a piercement-type dome that has been uplifted from about 17 km depth. The dome is nearly circular in plan with a maximum elevation approximately 50 m above the surrounding coastal marsh. Dissection has produced a terrain of gullies and steep slopes. Along N-S and E-W transects, borings of 3.9 to 8.4 m depth reveal loess and silty colluvium less than 3.4 m thick overlying a buried soil developed in late Pleistocene sediments. The late Pleistocene sediments are correlative with those found beneath the Prairie Terraces only a few km to the north. The loess represents a single genetic unit, is thickest on side slopes, and is thin or absent on ridge crests. Around the perimeter of the island, silty colluvium occurs at the base of slopes. This suggests that loess has been stripped and reworked, predominantly from higher elevations. At a pit excavated for fill material, a 0.6 m thick loessial mixing zone overlies 12 + m of sand that shows spotty induration by silica cement. Shear fractures with high-angle average dips occur in the sandy late Pleistocene sediments at this site, and in both loess and late Pleistocene sediments in various core samples. The fractures in the pit have modal strikes of N77E and N53W, and are believed to have developed from extensional stress associated with vertical uplift of the underlying salt. This study suggests a complex Quaternary geological history for Avery Island. Deposition of late Pleistocene sediments in a low-relief alluvial plain and initiation of soil development occurred prior to the latest emergence of the dome. The stratigraphy of loess and colluvial silt indicates that the island was emergent during loess deposition. The degree of dissection, distribution of colluvium, and shearing of Quaternary sediments reflect continued uplift after loess deposition.
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