Furongian Linguliform Brachiopods from the Alborz Mountains, Iran
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Abstract:
Micromorphic linguliform brachiopods are described for the first time from the Furongian part of the Cambrian Mila Formation, eastern Alborz Mountains, Iran. The assemblage is dominated by acrotretides, including Dactylotreta lamellosa n. sp. and Ottenbyella hyrcanica n. sp. as well as species of the new genera Tapuritreta (T. angusta n. sp.) and Sadrocarta (S. delicatus). The siphonotretide Siphonobolus sp. also occurs in abundance, which is unusual for Furongian lingulate faunas. The newly discovered assemblage shows little similarity to contemporaneous faunas of Laurentia, Baltica and Kazakhstanian terranes, but S. delicatus is also known from the middle Furongian Series of the Malyi Karatau Range in southern Kazakhstan.Keywords:
Baltica
Assemblage (archaeology)
Laurentia
Similarity (geometry)
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Inner mongolia
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Abstract A diverse fauna of lingulate (Subphylum Linguliformea, Class Lingulata) brachiopods is described from the Early Cambrian (Qiongzhusian Stage) carbonates in southern Shaanxi Province (Fucheng and Xiaoyang sections), China. Eight species assigned to 6 genera are systematically described. Among them, the taxa assigned to the Superfamily Linguloidea comprise Palaeobolus liantuoensis Zeng, Lingulellotreta malongensis (Rong), Eoobolus aff. viridis (Cobbold), Eoobolus? shaanxiensis sp. nov., and Kyrshabaktella? sp. Only Palaeobolus liantuoensis and Lingulellotreta malongensis were known previously from South China, where the latter species occurs in the soft-bodied Chengjiang fauna with preserved pedicle. The Superfamily Acrotheloidea is represented only by the new species Botsfordia minuta. The fauna also includes two primitive acrotretoid (Superfamily Acrotretoidea) species belonging to the new genus and species Eohadrotreta zhenbaensis and E. zhujiahensis; the ontogeny of Eohadrotreta supports the view that the acrotretid muscle system and ontogeny are derived in relation to the lingulide musculature and ontogeny. The fauna from Shaanxi is the oldest known diverse lingulate brachiopod assemblage from China.
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Conodont
Trilobite
Incertae sedis
Biozone
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Bryozoa
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Crinoid
Echinoderm
Laurentia
Siliciclastic
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Seven genera and eight species of lingulate brachiopods are described from the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary beds (Cambrooistodus minutus Conodont Subzone to Rossodus manitouensis Conodont Zone) at the Lawson Cove and Lava Dam North sections, Ibex area, Utah, USA. The fauna includes one new linguloid genus, Wahwahlingula, and four new species, Lingulella? incurvata, Zhanatella utahensis, Conotreta millardensis, and Quadrisonia? lavadamensis. Lingulate brachiopods from this interval are very poorly known from Laurentia, but the recorded fauna is very similar to that described from coeval beds at Malyi Karatau, Kazakhstan, and both areas contain Eurytreta cf. bisecta (Matthew, 1901); E. sublata Popov, 1988; Zhanatella Koneva, 1986; Schizambon Walcott, 1889; and Wahwahlingula. Eurytreta cf. bisecta is also known from the Lower Ordovician of Avalonian Canada, Britain, and Scandinavia.
Conodont
Laurentia
Cove
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Trilobite
Biozone
Assemblage (archaeology)
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Abstract Late Ordovician (late Caradoc to early Ashgill) brachiopods are described from a carbonate mound within the Dulankara Regional Stage, northern Betpak‐Dala Desert, central Kazakhstan. The described fauna represents a part of a diverse Hiberno‐Salairian brachiopod assemblage, including three species of Ungulate brachiopods and nine species of articulate brachiopods. Two new early athyridide genera and species, Kellerella ditissima and Nikolaispira rasilis, are described along with four other new species of articulate brachiopods, Ptychopleurella aleksandrovae, Parastrophina tersa, Parastrophinella portentosa, Rostricellula sarysuica. Parastrophina angulosa nucula subsp. nov. represents a geographic variety of a species previously known from the Late Ordovician Boda Limestone of Sweden. The whole fauna is tabulated. Nikitin, I.F., Popov, L.E. & Holmer, L.E., 1996: Late Ordovician bra‐chiopod assemblage of Hiberno‐Salairian type from Central Kazakhstan. GFF, Vol. 118 (Pt. 2, June), pp. 83–96. Stockholm. ISSN 1103–5897.
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This vesiculosus Biozone assemblage of chemically‐isolated graptolites from the Orenburg District of Russia was obtained from limestones associated with pillow lavas of the Sakmara Formation of Silurian–Early Devonian age. It comprises 30 species, of which 24 are described. Nine are new, one is a new subspecies, and eight are left under open nomenclature. The assemblage is unique in its diversity of minute biserial graptolites referable to the genera ‘ Glyptograptus ’, Normalograptus , Sudburigraptus , and Metaclimacograptus ; and is unusual in that well‐preserved graptolite faunas are rare at this stratigraphical level, which is fixed by the occurrence of Cystograptus vesiculosus (Nicholson) s.l. and Paraclimacograptus innotatus (Nicholson). The following new forms are described: ‘ Glyptograptus ’ tamariscus praecursor subsp. nov., G. mazovoensis sp. nov., G. nikitini sp. nov., G. pavlinovi sp. nov., G. telarius sp. nov., G. zimai sp. nov., Normalograptus legrandi sp. nov., N. melchini sp. nov., N. sobolevskayae sp. nov., and Metaclimacograptus bjerreskovae sp. nov. Five evolutionary lineages are defined within the ‘ Glyptograptus ’ tamariscus (Nicholson) plexus, modifying and extending the pioneer work of Packham (1962). The diverse ‘ Glyptograptus ’ faunas are considered to be a replacement for the Normalograptus fauna which peaked in the late Ordovician and early Silurian. Metaclimacograptus , although reasonably diverse in its speciation, exhibits a conservative style of evolution with little fundamental change throughout the Llandovery. It is suggested that cortical bandages have species‐specific dimensions and micro‐features. Some problematical micro‐ and ultrastructural features are described, notably fibrillar textures, parallel to the fusellar margins, in several species.
Biozone
Devonian
Radiolaria
Subspecies
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Abstract: Twenty‐three species of silicified brachiopods are described from four samples in the middle and upper parts of the Episkopi Formation from Hydra Island, Greece. These brachiopods are newly recorded from the region and together with previously described brachiopods from the same localities constitute the most diverse Lopingian (Late Permian) brachiopod fauna reported in southern Europe. The brachiopod fauna is Wuchiapingian as indicated by the associated conodonts. The fauna from Hydra exhibits strong palaeobiogeographical links with the faunas from South China. In addition, palaeobiogeographical affinities with the faunas of Thailand and the northern peri‐Gondwanan region are also present, which implies a peri‐Gondwanan origin for Hydra. Palaeoecologically, the brachiopod assemblage from sample EP in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation is dominated by pedically‐attached and cementing genera and reflects moderate energy conditions above storm wave base and an abundance of hard substrates provided by sponges in the biohermal habitat. By contrast, the brachiopod assemblage in the other three samples from the upper part of the Episkopi Formation is dominated by spinose genera with a free‐resting life habit, suggesting soft substrates in a quiet water environment below storm wave base on the outer part of the shelf. New taxa are Petinospiriferina gen. nov., Hustedia episkopiensis sp. nov., Waterhouseiella hydraensis sp. nov. and Xenosaria tenuis sp. nov.
Lernaean Hydra
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