Florentino Díaz García

Universidad de Oviedo

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Ricardo Arenas

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

José R. Martı́nez Catalán

Universidad de Salamanca

Jacobo Abati

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Juan Gómez Barreiro

Universidad de Salamanca

Pedro Castiñeiras

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Javier Fernández‐Suárez

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Sonia Sánchez Martı́nez

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Francisco J. Rubio Pascual

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Pilar Andonaegui

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

P. González Cuadra

Instituto Geológico y Minero de España

Cooperative Institutions

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Universidad de Salamanca

Universidad de Oviedo

Instituto de Geociencias

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Planetary Science Institute

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

Instituto Geológico y Minero de España

Stellenbosch University

Goethe University Frankfurt

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A rootless suture and the loss of the roots of a mountain chain: The Variscan belt of NW Iberia

Comptes Rendus Géoscience (2009)

José R. Martı́nez Catalán Ricardo Arenas Jacobo Abati Sonia Sánchez Martı́nez Florentino Díaz García

Devonian

Late Devonian extinction

10.1016/j.crte.2008.11.004

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Citations (252)

Tectonic Evolution of the Careón Ophiolite (Northwest Spain): A Remnant of Oceanic Lithosphere in the Variscan Belt

The Journal of Geology (1999)

Florentino Díaz García Ricardo Arenas José R. Martı́nez Catalán J. González del Tánago Greg Dunning

Analysis of the Careón Unit in the Ordenes Complex (northwest Iberian Massif) has supplied relevant data concerning the existence of a Paleozoic oceanic lithosphere, probably related to the Rheic realm, and the early subduction-related events that were obscured along much of the Variscan belt by subsequent collision tectonics. The ophiolite consists of serpentinized harzburgite and dunite in the lower section and a crustal section made up of coarse-grained and pegmatitic gabbros. An Early Devonian zircon age (395+/-2 Ma, U-Pb) was obtained in a leucocratic gabbro. The whole section was intruded by numerous diabasic gabbro dikes. Convergence processes took place shortly afterward, giving rise to a mantle-rooted synthetic thrust system, with some coeval igneous activity. Garnet amphibolite, developed in metamorphic soles, was found discontinuously attached to the thrust fault. The soles graded downward to epidote-amphibolite facies metabasite and were partially retrogressed to greenschist facies conditions. Thermobarometric estimations carried out at a metamorphic sole (T approximately 650 degrees C; P approximately 11.5 kbar) suggested that imbrications developed in a subduction setting, and regional geology places this subduction in the context of an early Variscan accretionary wedge. Subduction and imbrication of oceanic lithosphere was followed by underthrusting of the Gondwana continental margin.

Obduction

Greenschist

10.1086/314368

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La estructura y la evolución metamórfica en un corte comprendido entre Carballiño y Forcarei, área esquistosa de Galicia Central, NW de España

Cadernos do Laboratorio Xeolóxico de Laxe: Revista de xeoloxía galega e do hercínico peninsular (1991)

Florentino Díaz García

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⁴⁰ Ar/ ³⁹ Ar laserprobe dating of mylonitic fabrics in a polyorogenic terrane of NW Iberia

Journal of the Geological Society (2005)

Juan Gómez Barreiro J.R. Wijbrans Pedro Castiñeiras José R. Martı́nez Catalán Ricardo Arenas

The tectonothermal evolution of a polyorogenic terrane in the Variscan belt of NW Spain has been constrained by 40 Ar/ 39 Ar laserprobe incremental heating experiments on mylonitic fabrics developed in major structures. Transitional levels between HP–HT and IP upper units in the Órdenes Complex where metamorphic and structural records demonstrate two cycles of burial and exhumation were selected for dating. Two groups of ages have been defined: (1) Silurian–Early Devonian, obtained from mylonites of the Fornás extensional detachment, here considered as the minimum age for the start of tectonic exhumation of the HP–HT units and an upper age-limit for the HP–HT event itself; (2) Early to Mid-Devonian, from structures related to the Variscan convergence in the area, which include top-to-the-east thrusts and extensional detachments. A single, younger Carboniferous age obtained from the uppermost allochthonous sequences possibly reflects the final stages of emplacement of the allochthonous complexes. Our data indicate a polyorogenic character for a part of the Iberian allochthonous complexes, including Variscan ( sensu stricto ) and Early Variscan convergence, as well as an older, Early Palaeozoic cycle.

Mylonite

Geochronology

Absolute dating

10.1144/0016-764905-012

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Citations (63)

Variscan accretionary complex of northwest Iberia: Terrane correlation and succession of tectonothermal events

Geology (1997)

José R. Martı́nez Catalán Ricardo Arenas Florentino Díaz García Jacobo Abati

The allochthonous terranes of northwest Iberia can be correlated with specific paleogeographic realms of the continental masses and intervening oceans involved in the Variscan collision. Assuming that the existing ophiolites represent the suture formed by the closure of the Rheic ocean, the units in the footwall to the suture correspond to the outer edge of the Gondwana continental margin, and the units in the hanging wall are interpreted as fragments of the conjugate margin, represented by the Meguma terrane. This correlation establishes a precise link between circum-Atlantic terranes, and makes it possible to draw a relatively simple scenario of the successive tectonothermal events recorded. Following the amalgamation of Avalon to Laurentia, the remaining outboard terranes underwent a progressive accretion to this continent that ended with the collision between Laurentia and Gondwana.

10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<1103:vaconi>2.3.co;2

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Citations (204)

Tectonic evolution of the upper allochthon of the Órdenes complex (northwestern Iberian Massif): Structural constraints to a polyorogenic peri-Gondwanan terrane

Geological Society of America eBooks (2007)

Juan Gómez Barreiro José R. Martı́nez Catalán Ricardo Arenas Pedro Castiñeiras Jacobo Abati

The upper allochthon of northwest Iberia represents the most exotic terrane of this part of the European Variscan belt. Recent advances in the metamorphic petrology, structural geology, and geochronology of the upper allochthon in the Órdenes complex are integrated into a synthesis of its tectonic evolution, constraining the main tectonothermal events. Important aspects of this synthesis are (1) the interpretation of Cambro-Ordovician magmatism and earliest metamorphic event, as the result of drifting of a peri-Gondwanan terrane; (2) the subsequent shortening and crustal thickening of the terrane related to its subduction and accretion to Laurussia; (3) a younger cycle of shortening...

Allochthon

Massif

Geochronology

10.1130/2007.2423(15)

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Citations (83)

Paleozoic ophiolites in the Variscan suture of Galicia (northwest Spain): Distribution, characteristics, and meaning

Memoir - Geological Society of America (2007)

Ricardo Arenas José R. Martı́nez Catalán Sonia Sánchez Martı́nez Florentino Díaz García Jacobo Abati

Allochthonous ophiolitic units in the northwestern Iberian Massif are remnants of peri-Gondwanan Paleozoic oceans sandwiched among other exotic terranes of continental and volcanic-arc derivation. All these terranes define an intricate suture zone that marks the convergence and collision between Laurussia and Gondwana. The suture is defined by three different ophiolitic ensembles: upper ophiolitic units, lower ophiolitic units, and the Somozas mélange. The lower ophiolitic units were derived from an alternation of basalts and sediments intruded by gabbros and scarce granitoids, and they formed during the opening of a marginal basin, the Galician ocean, during Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician time. This ocean was created as a back arc by the severance of a volcanic arc that had developed at the northern margin of Gondwana and formed part of the Rheic oceanic realm. The upper ophiolitic units formed during the Early Devonian from intraoceanic subduction in the early Paleozoic lithosphere of the Rheic Ocean. These suprasubduction ophiolites were formed just before the ocean closed, preceding the collision between Gondwana and Laurussia. The Somozas mélange appears in an anomalous position at the base of the Cabo Ortegal Complex. The ophiolites involved in this tectonic mélange represent an imbricate of highly dismembered oceanic lithosphere, slivers of subducted outer edge of the Gondwanan continental margin, and Paleozoic metasediments of the northern Gondwanan platform. The ophiolites might either record the development of a different peri-Gondwanan oceanic domain, or they might be equivalent to any of the other ophiolitic ensembles, and their anomalous structural position is simply a consequence of complex thrusting.

Obduction

Volcanic arc

Devonian

Island arc

10.1130/2007.1200(22)

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Citations (84)

Caracterización cinemática del contacto inferior de la Unidad de Fornás (Complejo de Ordenes, NW del Macizo Ibérico)

Stvdia geologica salmanticensia (2002)

J. Barreiro Gómez José R. Martı́nez Catalán Ricardo Arenas Florentino Díaz García

La reactivacion de contactos tectonicos es un fenomeno frecuente en los orogenos, ya que son zonas de debilidad relativa en la litosfera. Es necesario realizar analisis precisos de la cinematica y de los procesos asociados a la deformacion en el interior de la falla/zona de cizalla, para desentranar evoluciones complejas. La superposicion de varios episodios de deformacion en una zona de cizalla puede dar lugar a un aspecto final enrevesado, con rocas que presentan una evolucion cinematica y termica opuesta. El empleo de criterios cinematicos independientes y el estudio de las rocas de falla, nos daran la clave para comprender este tipo de contactos. El Contacto Inferior de la Unidad de Fornas (CIUF) forma parte del sistema tectonico de escala regional en el Complejo de Ordenes. El CIUF esta formado por los despegues de Bembibre, Santiago y Pico Sacro. Los criterios cinematicos y metamorficos muestran dos grupos de resultados: en primer lugar, los relacionados con un movimiento del bloque de techo hacia el E, relacionado con cabalgamientos, seguido de un ...

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Space and time in the tectonic evolution of the northwestern Iberian Massif: Implications for the Variscan belt

Memoir - Geological Society of America (2007)

José R. Martı́nez Catalán Ricardo Arenas Florentino Díaz García P. González Cuadra Juan Gómez Barreiro

Recent advances in geochemical studies of igneous rocks, isotopic age data for magmatism and metamorphism, quantitative pressure-temperature (P-T) estimates of metamorphic evolution, and structural geology in the northwestern Iberian Massif are integrated into a synthesis of the tectonic evolution that places the autochthonous and allochthonous terranes in the framework of Paleozoic plate tectonics. Because northwestern Iberia is free from strike-slip faults of continental scale, it is retrodeformable and preserves valuable information about the orthogonal component of convergence of Gondwana with Laurentia and/or Baltica, and the opening and closure of the Rheic Ocean.

Massif

Baltica

Laurentia

10.1130/2007.1200(21)

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Citations (252)

Constraints on the provenance of the uppermost allochthonous terrane of the NW Iberian Massif: inferences from detrital zircon U–Pb ages

Terra Nova (2003)

Javier Fernández‐Suárez Florentino Díaz García Teresa E. Jeffries Ricardo Arenas Jacobo Abati

ABSTRACT Insight into the origin and pre‐orogenic palaeogeographical links of terranes involved in the assembly of collisional mountain belts is fundamental to the understanding of orogenic processes. Here we address the provenance and possible tectonic settings of the uppermost allochthonous terrane of the NW Iberian Variscan Belt through a 213‐nm Laser Ablation ICP‐MS study of U–Pb ages of detrital zircons. The age groups of zircons from greywackes in this terrane ( c . 480–610, 1900–2100, 2400–2500 Ma) and the lack of Mesoproterozoic zircons suggest an origin in a Neoproterozoic – Early Palaeozoic peri‐Gondwanan realm along the periphery of the west African craton. It is further inferred that the greywackes were deposited in the periphery of a crustal unit that had been detached from the Gondwanan margin in relation to the opening of the Rheic ocean in Cambro‐Ordovician times. This terrane was thrusted back upon the Gondwanan margin during the course of the Variscan collision and closure of the intervening ocean.

Massif

Laurentia

Detritus

10.1046/j.1365-3121.2003.00479.x

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Citations (80)