Jacques Moutte

Mines Saint-Étienne

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Essaïd Bilal

Mines Saint-Étienne

Frances Wall

University of Exeter

Jong Ik Lee

Korea Polar Research Institute

Damien Garcia

Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé

Mi Jung Lee

Korea Polar Research Institute

Daniel García

A.T. Still University

Anatoly N. Zaitsev

Natural History Museum

C. T. Williams

Natural History Museum

Olivier Faure

Laboratoire de Recherche Historique Rhône-Alpes

Rômulo Machado

Universidade de São Paulo

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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Mines Saint-Étienne

Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1

Environnement, ville, société

Instituto de Geociencias

Natural History Museum

St Petersburg University

Sorbonne Université

Fractionnation of AgroResources and Environment

Université Jean Monnet

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Chromite deposits of the Tiebaghi ultramafic massif, New Caledonia

Economic Geology (1982)

Jacques Moutte

The Tiebaghi ultramafic massif, northern New Caledonia, has been the main chromite producer of the island. It is a small part of a huge ultramafic nappe emplaced during the Upper Eocene and is mainly composed of peridotites with tectonite fabrics; it has suffered a complex tectonic history involving several phases of folding and fracturing. The different ultramafic facies, ranging from dunite to plagioclase lherzolite, appear to form a coherent lithostratigraphic succession, the Tiebaghi Series, which reflects the successive appearance, upward in the series, of olivine and spinel, then orthopyroxene, and then clinopyroxene. Plagioclase results from metamorphic reequilibration of the upper part of the series. In the field the Tiebaghi Series is a succession, on a centimetric to metric scale, of dunite, peridotite, and pyroxenite, with a sequential organization evidenced by cyclic units of decametric thickness. Geochemically, there is a continuous enrichment in Ca, Al, Si, Fe-Mg from harzburgite and dunite to plagioclase lherzolite. The mineral compositions also show evolution, by a decrease of the Mg/Fe and Ni content of silicates and the Cr/Al of chrome spinel, and by an increase of the Al, Ti, and Na contents of pyroxenes, with conspicuous geochemical cyclic units.The chromite deposits appear at three levels of the host series: as schlieren in thick dunitic layers near the base of the series; as small lenses in the lherzolite unit; and, for most of the deposits, in or near the transition zone between harzburgite and lherzolite, where they may have formed a small number of chromite-rich layers of large lateral extension. The three most important deposits (Tiebaghi, Chagrin, and Fantoche) display typical podiform morphologies and ores, with the elongation directions of the orebodies parallel to the tectonic structures of the country rocks. In contrast, the Alpha and Vieille Montagne 1 deposits, situated higher in the series, show chromite-rich layers of regular thickness, with large open folds and with well-preserved cumulate textures. Geochemically, ore-forming chromite has a rather uniform, Mg- and Cr-rich composition, except for Al-rich ores rarely found within the lherzolitic unit. Within a given deposit, the Mg/Fe (super +2) ratios of chromite and olivine increase with the chromite/olivine modal amount; the mineral compositions otherwise compare well with those of dunites of the host series.The Tiebaghi massif shows typical features of both Alpine-type ultramafic massifs and ultramafic zones of stratiform tholeiitic complexes. The differentiation of the Tiebaghi Series is explained by fractional crystallization of a mixture of basaltic liquid and Mg-rich minerals, mainly olivine. Accumulation of chromite-rich layers during differentiation of the series is due to Cr supersaturation of the liquid, which may result from drops in total pressure.

Chromite

Ultramafic rock

Massif

10.2113/gsecongeo.77.3.576

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Citations (42)

Experimental study of dissolution rates of hedenbergitic clinopyroxene at high temperatures: dissolution in water from 25 °C to 374 °C

European Journal of Mineralogy (2013)

Rong‐Hua Zhang Xuetong Zhang Bernard Guy Shumin Hu Dominique de Ligny

Pyroxene

Stoichiometry

10.1127/0935-1221/2013/0025-2268

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Citations (17)

Petrology and geochemistry of the Neoproterozoic Siroua granitoids (central Anti-Atlas, Morocco): evolution from subduction-related to within-plate magmatism

Geological Society London Special Publications (2008)

Ahmed Touil Ahmid Hafid Jacques Moutte Abdelmajid El Boukhari

Abstract The Siroua massif includes many plutons of Neoproterozoic age. The mineralogical and geochemical character of the plutons allows us to describe an evolution of the magmatism, in space and time, from a subduction-related type in the northern part, to a within-plate subalkaline type in the southern part. The first magmatic activity coeval with the closing of the Khzama oceanic basin in the north is little evolved and of oceanic type (dominantly gabbros and basalts). It is followed by a low potassic calc-alkaline magmatism (gabbro–diorites, tonalites and trondhjemites of Nebdas pluton) and by a voluminous highly potassic calcalkaline magmatism (Askaoun and Ifouachguel plutons) that marks the collisional period. The end of crustal uplift and the beginning of the extension is marked in the south by a sub-alkaline magmatism corresponding to the Ida ou Illoun, Imdghar and Affela N'ouassif granites. Magmatic activity, in the Siroua massif, is marked at the end of the Neoproterozoic (PIII) by a continental tholeiite with an alkaline affinity, which occurs as dykes crosscutting the Neoproterozoic granites, and later by dominantly alkaline granites.

10.1144/sp297.13

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Citations (13)

Syn-collisional peraluminous magmatism in the rio Doce region: Mineralogy, geochemistry and isotopic data for the neoproterozoic Urucum Suite (eastern Minas Gerais State, Brazil)

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) (2000)

Hermínio Arias Nalini Júnior Essaïd Bilal José Marques Correia-Neves Adriana Giret Jacques Moutte

The Urucum Suite granitoids (Rio Doce region, southeastern Brazil) contains four main facies: megafeldspar granites, deformed medium- to coarse-grained granites, tourmaline, and pegmatitic facies. They intrude both the staurolite-garnet-muscovite-biotite schist of the Sao Tome Formation (Rio Doce Group) and the Galileia metaluminous suite (596 ±4 Ma). Detailed structural studies suggest that the Urucum Suite emplaced during an important dextral strike-slip movement (D l phase) of the Brasiliano orogeny (650-450Ma). Modal and chemical mineralogical variations suggest an evolution from the megafeldspar facies to the pegmatitic facies. Whole-rock geochemistry indicates the peraluminous character of the Urucum Suite granitoids, the evolution from the megafeldspar facies granites to pegmatitic facies granites and suggests the syn-collisional character of this suite. U-Pb zircon (582 ± 2 Ma) and monazite (576-573 ± 4Ma) data indicate that the Urucum Suite emplaced during the Brasiliano orogeny. The peraluminous nature of the Suite and isotopic-rich character in the Rb-Sr ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr = 0.7114 to 0.7165) and Sm-Nd (eNd = -7.4 and -8.2) systems indicate that it formed by partial melting of older intermediate to felsic crustal sources. Based on early Proterozoic model-ages (2.3 to 1.8 Ga) and on 2.0 Ga U-Pb inherited signature, granitoids of the Suite are probably derived from a rocks with a long crustal residence (Transamazonian basement), without extensive mantle contribution.

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Citations (28)

Structures in the new caledonia peridotites-gabbros: Implications for oceanic mantle and crust

Tectonophysics (1980)

Alain Prinzhofer A. Nicolas Daniel Cassard Jacques Moutte Marc Leblanc

Lineation

Peridotite

10.1016/0040-1951(80)90128-6

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Citations (69)

Introduction to phoscorites : occurence, composition, nomenclature and petrogenesis