In about 1939 the Briksdalsbreen glacier of south-west Norway began its retreat from the hollow which now hosts a small (4.53 ha), ice-contact proglacial lake. Recording echo-sounder surveys show the lake to exceed 20 m in depth near the present ice front but to shelve sharply towards its river exit. In the interval between surveys in September 1979 and July 1982 a 60 m advance of the glacier occurred followed by a 30 m retreat. During this period an estimated 12,000 m3 of sediment accumulated, partly as submerged ice-front parallel ridges.
Abstract Measurements made on the floors of the temporarily‐drained Glenfarg and Glenquey Reservoirs indicate that sediments with wet volumes of 63.94 × 10 3 m 3 and 12.64 × 10 3 m 3 were deposited in 56 and 73 years respectively. These figures represent 2.5 per cent and 1.1 per cent losses of original storage capacity. When corrected for water, organic, and diatom skeleton contents, and reservoir trap efficiency inorganic sediment yields of at least 31.3 tonnes km −2 yr −1 and of 9.0 tonnes km −2 yr −1 are suggested. The difference is probably related to contrasts of land use.
Abstract The presence of pre- and post-Carboniferous structures in Murrisk is noted. Warping of the sub-Carboniferous surface in the eastern part of the Partry Mountain area is ascribed to NE-trending normal faults.
For degraded coral reef systems with limited larval supply, active restoration techniques may provide a means of replenishing adult coral populations. Settling or seeding large numbers of sexually-produced larvae directly onto denuded substrate is a potential restoration tool that can eliminate the costs associated with rearing coral spat in culturing facilities. However, the long-term potential to enhance recruitment using seeding techniques has generally been limited due to high post-settlement mortality. Using the brooding coral Porites astreoides (Lamarck, 1816), we explored two potential strategies-choosing favorable substrate communities and caging recently settled spat-to enhance early post-settlement survival during seeding efforts. Larvae were collected from adult colonies in the laboratory and, once competent to settle, were seeded directly onto the reef substrate. Settled spat were individually mapped and monitored using fluorescence techniques, and found to have a low survivorship with <3%-15% surviving after 1 mo, and <1% after 5 mo. Techniques to enhance survival, including choice of substrate and post-settlement caging, did not significantly influence the high rates of natural mortality. These results underscore the general lack of knowledge regarding the major factors that drive the magnitude of early post-settlement mortality, and future identification of these mortality factors may lead to suitable techniques to enhance survival in seeding efforts.
ABSTRACT A series of ridges of fine gravel on the face of a sand and shell beach developed under stable wave and tidal conditions. Modifications related to variations of wave incidence angle are described in plan and section. Steeply inclined lithofacies units reflect low incident angle waves, but gently inclined units result from higher incident angle waves. Gravel coarsening indicates the direction from which waves travelled onto the beach face. Identical patterns identified from late glacial sand beaches indicate palaeowind directions.
New Works in Geography A United Kingdom? Economic, social and political geographies. John Mohan. Pp. xii + 258. London: Arnold, 1999. Price £13.99 (pbk), ISBN 0 340 67752 X. Local Enterprise on the North Atlantic Margin: Selected contributions to the fourteenth international seminar on marginal regions. Edited by Reginald Byron & John Hutson. Pp. x + 368. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999. Price $79.95 (hbk). ISBN 1 84014 932 9. Back to Work: Local action on unemployment. Ian Sanderson, Fiona Walton & Mike Campbell. Pp. 62. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 1999. Price: £13.95 (pbk). ISBN 1 902633 13 X. Young Men, the Job Market and Gendered Work. Trefor Lloyd. Pp. 37. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 1999. Price: £10.95 (pbk). ISBN 1 902633 14 8. Finding Work in Rural Areas. Sarah Monk, Jessica Dunn, Maureen Fitzgerald & Ian Hodge. Pp. 46. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 1999. Price: £12.95 (pbk). ISBN 1 902633 47 4. Urban Regeneration: A handbook. Edited by Peter Roberts & Hugh Sykes. Pp. xvi + 320. London: Sage, 1999. Price £60.00 (hbk), £18.99 (pbk). ISBN 0 7619 6716 8 (hbk), 0 7619 6717 6 (pbk). Social Exclusion and Housing: Context and challenges. Edited by Isobel Anderson & Duncan Sim. Pp. vii + 256. Coventry: Chartered Institute of Housing, 1999. Price: £20.00 (pbk). ISBN 1 900396 39 4. Sustainable Renewal of Suburban Areas. Gwilliam, M., Bourne, C., Swain, C. & Prat, A. Pp. v + 87. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 1998. Price £14.95 (pbk). ISBN 1 902633 02 4. Focus on Scotland Geology of the Falkirk District. Memoir for the 1:50,000 Geological Sheet 31E (Scotland). I.B. Cameron, A.M. Aitken, M.A.E. Browne & D. Stephenson. Pp. 106. London: The Stationery Office, 1999. Price £35.00 (pbk). ISBN 0 11 884541 1. Solid Geology of the Aviemore District. Memoir for the 1:50,000 Geological Sheet 74E (Scotland). A.J. Highton. Pp. 97. London: The Stationery Office, 1999. Price £35.00 (pbk). ISBN 0 11 884539 9. Lagoons in the Outer Hebrides. Marine Nature Conservation Review, Area Summaries Sector 14. Kath Thorpe, Matthew Dalkin, Frank Fortune & Dora Nichols. Pp. 96. Peterborough: Joint Nature Conservation Committee, 1998. Price £30.00 (pbk). ISBN 1 86107 4549. Scottish Vegetation: Plant Ecology in Scotland. Special Edition of the Botanical Journal of Scotland, 49, part 2. Edited by J. Proctor. Pp. 324. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1997. Price: £20.00 (pbk). ISSN 0374–6607.
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