Abstract The Cenozoic sedimentary succession of Bangladesh provides an archive of Himalayan erosion. However, its potential as an archive is currently hampered by a poor lithostratigaphic framework with limited age control. We focus on the Hatia Trough of the Bengal Basin and the adjacent fold belt of the Chittagong Hill Tracts which forms the outermost part of the west‐propagating Indo‐Burmese wedge. We present a basin‐wide seismic stratigraphic framework for the Neogene rocks, calibrated by biostratigraphy, which divides the succession into three seismically distinct and regionally correlatable Megasequences ( MS ). MS 1 extends to NN 15‐ NN 16 ( ca . 2.5–3.9 Ma), MS 2 to NN 19‐ NN 20 ( ca . 0.4–1.9 Ma) and MS 3 to present day. Our seismic mapping, thermochronological analyses of detrital mineral grains, isotopic analyses of bulk rock, heavy mineral and petrographic data, show that the Neogene rocks of the Hatia Trough and Chittagong Hill Tracts are predominantly Himalayan‐derived, with a subordinate arc‐derived input possibly from the Paleogene IndoBurman Ranges as well as the Trans‐Himalaya. Our seismic data allow us to concur with previous work that suggests folding of the outer part of the west‐propagating wedge only commenced recently, within the last few million years. We suggest that it could have been the westward encroachment and final abutment of the Chittagong Hill Tracts fold belt onto the already‐uplifted Shillong Plateau that caused diversion of the palaeo‐Brahmaputra to the west of the plateau as the north‐east drainage route closed.
The Belingwe Greenstone Belt contains a wide variety of Archaean rocks which provide evidence of major significance in interpreting the strati graphic history of the Zimbabwe Craton, and, more generally, in understanding the nature of the Archaean Earth. The stratigraphic sequences in the belt are well preserved, and the interpretation of the Belingwe rocks provides the underpinning of the present stratigraphic evolution of the Zimbabwe Craton. The sequence includes old basement, consisting of granitoid gneisses ca. 3.5 Ga old, overlain by three older greenstone sequences and a well developed younger (2.7 Ga) greenstone sequence. At the base of the 2.7 Ga sequence is a well exposed unconformity, demonstrating that the lavas and sediments of the younger greenstones were laid down on a mature terrain of eroded granitoid and greenstones. The belt contains a wide variety of unusual rocks, including an extensive and locally very fresh suite of komatiites and komatiitic basalts, as well as carbonates which contain stromatolites. These rocks demonstrate that some greenstone belts formed on continental crust. The variety of sedimentary and volcanic environments probably reflects interaction of a range of tectonic processes as diverse as those operating today.
Journal Article Lithological and Structural Controls on Regional 3-D Fluid Flow Patterns during Greenschist Facies Metamorphism of the Dalradian of the SW Scottish Highlands Get access ALASDAIR D. L. SKELTON, ALASDAIR D. L. SKELTON * 1DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGHEDINBURGH EH9 3JW, SCOTLAND *Corresponding author. Telephone: 0131-650-5885 Fax: 0131-668-3184 E-mail: askelton@glg.ed.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar COLIN M. GRAHAM, COLIN M. GRAHAM 1DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGHEDINBURGH EH9 3JW, SCOTLAND Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MIKE J. BICKLE MIKE J. BICKLE 2DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGECAMBRIDGE CB2 3EQ, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Petrology, Volume 36, Issue 2, April 1995, Pages 563–586, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/36.2.563 Published: 01 April 1995 Article history Received: 01 April 1994 Accepted: 17 October 1994 Published: 01 April 1995