Joan L. Latchman

University of the West

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Lloyd Lynch

University of the West Indies

J. M. Kendall

University of Oxford

David Schlaphorst

University of Lisbon

Willy Aspinall

University of Bristol

Jon Blundy

University of Oxford

Richard Robertson

Caribbean Health Research Council

Elena Melekhova

University of Oxford

Brian Baptie

British Geological Survey

Frédéric Dondin

Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières

Michal Camejo-Harry

University of Oxford

Cooperative Institutions

University of the West Indies

Montserrat Volcano Observatory

University of Bristol

University of the West Indies System

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Institut de physique du globe de Paris

Université Paris Cité

Pennsylvania State University

British Geological Survey

University of Cambridge

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A microprocessor-based system for digitizing seismic events from magnetic-tape recordings

Computers & Geosciences (1983)

Willy Aspinall Joan L. Latchman

Microprocessor

10.1016/0098-3004(83)90043-2

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Citations (4)

Tectonic inversion in the Caribbean-South American plate boundary: GPS geodesy, seismology, and tectonics of theM_w6.7 22 April 1997 Tobago earthquake

Tectonics (2015)

John Weber H. Geirsson Joan L. Latchman Kenton Shaw Peter La Femina

On 22 April 1997 the largest earthquake recorded in the Trinidad-Tobago segment of the Caribbean-South American plate boundary zone (M w 6.7) ruptured a shallow (~9 km), ENE striking (~250°a zimuth), shallowly dipping (~28°) dextral-normal fault ~10 km south of Tobago.In this study, we describe this earthquake and related foreshock and aftershock seismicity, derive coseismic offsets using GPS data, and model the fault plane and magnitude of slip for this earthquake.Coseismic slip estimated at our episodic GPS sites indicates movement of Tobago 135 ± 6 to 68 ± 6 mm NNE and subsidence of 7 ± 9 to 0 mm.This earthquake was anomalous and is of interest because (1) its large component of normal slip and ENE strike are unexpected given the active E-W dextral shearing across the Caribbean-South American plate boundary zone, (2) it ruptured a normal fault plane with a low (~28°) dip angle, and (3) it reactivated and inverted the preexisting Tobago terrrane-South America ocean-continent (thrust) boundary that formed during early Tertiary oblique plate convergence.

10.1002/2014tc003665

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Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment at the Eastern Caribbean Islands

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2011)

Francesca Bozzoni Mirko Corigliano Carlo G. Lai Walter Salazar L. Scandella

A probabilistic seismic hazard analysis has been performed to compute probabilistic seismic hazard maps for the eastern Caribbean region (10° N-19° N, 59° W-64° W), which includes in the north the Leeward Islands (from Anguilla to Dominica) and in the south the Windward Islands (from Martinique to Grenada), Barbados, Trinidad, and Tobago. The analysis has been conducted using a standard logic-tree approach that allowed systematically taking into account the model-based (i.e., epistemic) uncertainty and its influence on the computed ground motion param- eters. Hazard computations have been performed using a grid of sites with a space resolution of 0.025 degrees covering the territory of the considered islands. Two different computation methodologies have been adopted: the standard Cornell-McGuire approach (Cornell, 1968; McGuire, 1976) based on the definition of appropriate seismogenic zones (SZ), and the zone-free approach developed by Woo (1996), which overcomes the ambiguities related with the definition of seis- mic sources. The interplay and complexities between shallow crustal, intraplate, and interface subduction seismicity of the Caribbean region have been thoroughly investigated. By merging all available databases, a comprehensive and updated earthquake catalog for the region has been compiled. Also, a thorough investigation has been undertaken to identify the most suitable ground motion prediction equa- tions to be used in the analyses. Uniform hazard spectra have been calculated for the horizontal component of ground motion (rock and level site conditions), 4 return periods (RP) (95-, 475-, 975-, and 2475-yr), and 22 spectral accelerations (SA) with structural periods ranging from 0 to 3 s. SAs at 0.2 and 1.0 s for 2475-yr RP have been calculated to allow the definition of seismic hazard in the region of study according to the International Building Code (IBC, International Code Council (ICC), 2009).

10.1785/0120100208

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Citations (38)

The earthquake hazard alert of September 1982 in Southern Tobago

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (1988)

Hywel Morgan G. Wadge Joan L. Latchman Willy Aspinall D. E. Hudson

Abstract An earthquake swarm that occurred in the vicinity of the island of Tobago (West Indies) during the latter half of 1982 was monitored in the near-field by a five-station seismograph network. The monitoring of the swarm eventually led to the issuing of a potential earthquake hazard alert, 3 days prior to the major energy release (earthquake magnitude mb = 5.2). We discuss the reasons for issuing this alert. In particular, daily monitoring of the changing b value and energy release was used to constrain estimates of future earthquake behavior. The aftershock seismicity showed activity in a direction trending west to WNW. This is in good agreement with the focal mechanism of the main earthquake which showed right-lateral strike-slip motion along an E-W fault plane dipping steeply (71°) to the north. This active fault appears to form part of the previously unrecognized Southern Tobago Fault System for which there is evidence in the geology of the Late Neogene rocks of the island.

Seismometer

Focal mechanism

Fault plane

Maximum magnitude

Earthquake rupture

10.1785/bssa0780041550

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Citations (15)

Magnitude production imbalances and the present seismogenicity state of the San Andreas Fault system

Tectonophysics (2011)

Joan L. Latchman Hywel Morgan Willy Aspinall D. Gay

Maximum magnitude

10.1016/j.tecto.2011.09.011

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File 6: La Soufrière volcano, St Vincent, eruption 2020–21: assessing unrest and eruptive states from limited volcano-seismic data

Figshare (2023)

Joan L. Latchman Willy Aspinall

Stations recording events.

Unrest

10.6084/m9.figshare.22360979

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Combining Geological and Geophysical Data in Volcanic Hazard Estimation for Dominica, Lesser Antilles

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2014)

O. George Joan L. Latchman Charles B. Connor R. Malservisi L. Connor

Volcanic hazards

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Table of events from Probing layered arc crust in the Lesser Antilles using receiver functions

Figshare (2018)

David Schlaphorst Elena Melekhova J. M. Kendall Jon Blundy Joan L. Latchman

Details of the events used to create the stacked receiver functions.

Table (database)

Receiver function

10.6084/m9.figshare.7291556

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Seismicity associated with dome growth and collapse at the Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat

Geophysical Research Letters (1998)

A. D. Miller R. C. Stewart Randall White Richard Luckett Brian Baptie

Varied seismicity has accompanied growth and collapse of the lava dome of the Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat. Earthquakes have been classified as either volcano‐tectonic, long‐period or hybrid, and daily variations in the numbers of events have mapped changes in the style of eruption. Repetitive hybrid earthquakes were common during the first months of dome growth. In July 1996 the style of seismicity changed and regular, short‐lived hybrid earthquake swarms became common. This change was probably caused by an increase in the magma flux. Earthquake swarms have preceded almost all major dome collapses, and have accompanied cyclical deformation, thought to be due to a build‐up of pressure in the upper conduit which is later released by magma moving into the dome.

Dome (geology)

Lava dome

10.1029/98gl01778

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Citations (151)

ABSTRACT: Hydrological effects of 1997 Tobago earthquake Final

Joan L. Latchman

HYDROLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THE 1997/04/22 TOBAGO EARTHQUAKE Joan L. Latchman Seismic Research Unit, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad, Trinidad & Tobago. Significant earthquakes near Tobago have been recognised as having important hazard implications only since 1982. In April 1997, two of the largest earthquakes, since continuous, instrumental recording began in 1952, occurred: one off the west coast and the other off the south coast. There was a dramatic coseismic increase in groundwater discharge. This increased groundwater discharge was restricted to south-west Tobago between Shirvan Road in the west and Hillsborough West River in the east. A plot of the locations exhibiting such increased release reveals that they are within the boundary zones of the large-scale lithologic units. It is proposed that the water bearing fractures would have had to have closed significantly to output the volumes of water observed. The fault plane solution of the triggering event suggests that there was a normal faulting component, which is consistent with evidence that normal faulting produces the biggest impact on groundwater release.

West coast

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