EnglishThe Cabacal deposit is located in SW Amazonian Craton, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, with important Au-Zn-Cu mineralization. The ore is hosted by the Alto Jauru orogenic rocks (1.79-1.74 Ga) comprised of felsic metavolcanic and metavolcanoclastic rocks and mineralizations occur as bands concordant with the mylonitic foliation, breccias, quartz-carbonate veins and rock-disseminated, and the polymetallic ore comprises chalcopyrite, pyrite, marcasite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite and galena. The mineralization is related to hydrothermal alteration and includes quartz, chlorite, carbonate, sericite and biotite. Host rocks contain garnet-sillimanite-plagioclase-quartz mineral association suggesting amphibolitic facies for the generation of the deposit. Six sericite grains from the hydrothermal zones yielded 40Ar/39Ar ages from 1521.3 ± 1.3 Ma to 1510.4 ± 1.2 Ga. These ages are evidence that hydrothermal solutions originated related to the Cachoeirinha orogen (1.58-1.52 Ga) cutting the Alto Jauru orogen (1.79-1.74 Ga) host rocks. Detailed geology and petrography indicate banded iron formation played an important role in the metal deposition as a chemicalbarrier for the mineralizing fluids portuguesO deposito de ouro do Cabacal esta localizado no SW do craton Amazonico, no estado do Mato Grosso, Brasil onde ocorrem rochas do orogeno Alto Jauru (idades U-Pb de 1790 Ma a 1744 Ma). A mineralizacao e hospedada por rochas metavulcânicas e metavulcanoclasticas e ocorre como (i) bandas concordantes com a foliacao milonitica, (ii) brechas, (iii) veios de quartzo-carbonato e (iv) disseminado. O minerio e polimetalico e compreende calcopirita, pirita, marcasita, pirrotita, esfalerita e galena. A mineralizacao esta relacionada a alteracao hidrotermal e inclui quartzo, clorita, carbonato, sericita e biotita. Graos de sericita das zonas hidrotermais foram datados pelo metodo 40Ar / 39Ar, utilizando step-heatinga laser em graos individuais, resultando em valores entre 1562 e 1502 Ma. Esses estudos revelam que o deposito de ouro do Cabacal pode ser originado durante o orogeno Cachoeirinha (1.58-1.52 Ga) com geracao de calor e remobilizacao de solucoes hidrotermais que percolaram e depositaram os metais nas rochas do orogeno Alto Jauru (1,79-1,74 Ga). Geologia de detalhe e petrografia dos corpos de minerio indicam que a formacao de ferro bandado desempenhou um papel importante na deposicao de metal como uma barreira quimica para os fluidos mineralizantes
Abstract The Cuiabá Group, widely distributed in the state of Mato Grosso, is a sedimentary sequence that contains essential information about the geological evolution of the Paraguay Orogen. This study aims to apply sequence stratigraphy concepts as a new approach to better understanding sedimentary evolution during the Neoproterozoic. The analysis of lithofacies, depositional environments, and stratigraphic stacking patterns allowed the identification of different system tracts, including rift climax, rift fill, lowstand, transgressive, and highstand. These tracts have significant implications for understanding the basin's geological history. In addition, the influences of tectonics, glaciation, and post-glacial events on the sedimentary evolution of the Cuiabá Group were addressed. The use of sequence stratigraphy provided a comprehensive understanding of the geological history of the basin. It also offered insights into the controls on sedimentation associated with tectonic and climatic events. The results of this study challenge previous interpretations and contribute to advancing knowledge about the Neoproterozoic geological evolution.
The Araés gold deposit, located in eastern Mato Grosso State, central Brazil, is hosted in Neoproterozoic volcanosedimentary rocks of the Paraguay belt, which formed during collision of the Amazonian craton and the Rio Apa block. 40Ar/39Ar geochronology and Pb and S isotopic analyses constrain the timing and sources of mineralization. Three biotite flakes from two samples of metavolcanic host rock yield 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages between 541 and 531 Ma, interpreted as cooling ages following regional metamorphism. Clay minerals from a hydrothermal alteration zone yield an 40Ar/39Ar integrated age of 503 ± 3 Ma. Galena grains from ore-bearing veins yield values of 206Pb/204Pb from 17.952 to 18.383, 207Pb/204Pb from 15.156 to 15.811, and 208Pb/204Pb from 38.072 to 39.681. Pyrite grains from ore-bearing veins yield values of 206Pb/204Pb from 18.037 to 18.202, 207Pb/204Pb from 15.744 to 15.901, and 208Pb/204Pb from 38.338 to 38.800. Pb isotope variations may be explained in terms of mixing a less radiogenic lead component (μ ~ 8.4) from mafic and ultramafic basement host-rocks (Nova Xavantina metavolcanosedimentary rocks) and a more radiogenic lead component (μ ~ 9.2) probably derived from supracrustal rocks (Cuiabá sedimentary groups). Sulfur isotope compositions are homogeneous, with δ34S values ranging from -1.1‰ to 0.9‰ (galena) and -0.7‰ to 0.9‰ (pyrite), suggesting a mantle-derived reservoir for the mineralizing solutions. Based on the Ar, Pb, and S isotope data, we suggest that the precious metals were remobilized from metavolcanic host rocks by hydrothermal solutions during Brasilide-Panafrican regional metamorphism. The Araés gold deposit probably formed during a late stage of the orogeny, coeval with other mineralization events in the Paraguay Belt.
High-quality U–Pb (Isotope Dilution-Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry; ID-TIMS) baddeleyite ages were obtained for the Salto do Céu (SC) gabbroic sill (1439 ± 4 Ma) and Nova Lacerda mafic dyke swarm (1387 ± 17 Ma) located ca. 150 km apart in the Jauru terrane (Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic) – SW Amazonia. From a geodynamic perspective, the new ages mark widespread Mesoproterozoic extensional tectonics and associated magmatism (e.g. dolerite dykes and rapakivi suites) in a growing continental margin. The SC sill is coeval with the nearby Rio Branco anorogenic rapakivi granite. Intermittent extensional tectonics (1.44 and 1.39 Ga) is widespread in the central and northern portions of the Amazonian Craton, given by co-magmatic charnockites and rapakivi granites, and mafic–ultramafic complexes. On a global scale, this activity may be coeval with a major intra-continental-related igneous event in Laurentia and Fennoscandia, as well as with mafic dykes in NW West African Craton. This suggests large igneous province (LIP)-scale magmatism. A further aspect is that the 1.4 Ga magmatism is age-equivalent with convergent-margin processes (Alto Guaporé orogen and the related Rio Alegre oceanic remnant) that evolved outboard the active margin of the proto-Amazonian Craton. This may represent a coincidence in time between intraplate rifting, LIP magmatism (plume related) and subduction. Other causal mechanisms are also considered such as pulses of back-arc extension behind the accreting arcs. Our data provide new clues as to the longevity of the Columbia (or Nuna) supercontinent, and are consistent with previously published paleomagnetic poles from Mesoproterozoic intraplate magmatism in Amazonia, Laurentia and Baltica (South America-Baltica model).
Soarinho Alkaline Intrusion, southeastern Brazil, makes part of the Serra do Mar Igneous Province, and it is composed of alkali feldspar syenite, alkali feldspar trachyte, quartz syenite, and mon-zonite. Geochemical and geochronological analysis of the Soarinho were compared with data from its neighbors Rio Bonito and Tanguá. Zircon U-Pb Laser Ablation ages show that Soarinho is youngest than Rio Bonito and Tanguá. Ages obtained from the monzonite (60 ± 2 Ma), alkali feldspar syenite (58 ± 2 Ma), and quartz syenite (58 ± 2 Ma) are indistinguishable within error. Petrographic and geochemical data show a clear contrast among Soarinho, Rio Bonito, Tanguá, and Lu-Hf isotopic data for the three alkaline intrusions (all negative), point to some similarities in their sources. The data suggest an enriched mantle source for Soarinho; however, an older con-tinental crust contribution cannot be discarded.