P. N. Dunkley

Montserrat Volcano Observatory

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R. S. J. Sparks

University of Bristol

P. E. Malin

Applied Spectral Imaging (United States)

G. S. Mattioli

The University of Texas at Arlington

Jürgen Neuberg

University of Leeds

B. Voight

Pennsylvania State University

E. Shalev

Duke University

A. T. Linde

Carnegie Institution for Science

Derek Elsworth

Pennsylvania State University

V. Bass

Montserrat Volcano Observatory

D. Hidayat

Politeknik STMI Jakarta

Cooperative Institutions

Montserrat Volcano Observatory

British Geological Survey

Lancaster University

Pennsylvania State University

University of Bristol

Lancaster University Ghana

Geoscience Australia

University of Reading

University of Western Australia

University of Cambridge

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CALIPSO Borehole Instrumentation Project at Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, BWI: Overview and Prospects

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2003)

B. Voight G. S. Mattioli S. R. Young A. T. Linde I. Selwyn Sacks

Instrumentation

Source

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Citations (0)

Ridge Subduction and Forearc Volcanism: Petrology and Geochemistry of Rocks Dredged from the Western Solomon Arc and Woodlark Basin

R. W. Johnson A. L. Jaques C. H. Langmuir M. R. Perfit Hubert Staudigel

Forearc

Island arc

Back-arc basin

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Citations (54)

Unique and remarkable dilatometer measurements of pyroclastic flow–generated tsunamis

Geology (2007)

G. S. Mattioli B. Voight A. T. Linde I. Selwyn Sacks P. Watts

Research Article| January 01, 2007 Unique and remarkable dilatometer measurements of pyroclastic flow–generated tsunamis G.S. Mattioli; G.S. Mattioli 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar B. Voight; B. Voight 2Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar A.T. Linde; A.T. Linde 3Carnegie Institution of Washington, 530 P Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20005, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar I.S. Sacks; I.S. Sacks 3Carnegie Institution of Washington, 530 P Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20005, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar P. Watts; P. Watts 4Applied Fluids Engineering, Inc., 5710 E 7th St. #237, Long Beach, California 90803, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar C. Widiwijayanti; C. Widiwijayanti 5Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar S.R. Young; S.R. Young 5Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar D. Hidayat; D. Hidayat 5Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar D. Elsworth; D. Elsworth 5Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar P.E. Malin; P.E. Malin 6Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar E. Shalev; E. Shalev 6Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar E. Van Boskirk; E. Van Boskirk 7University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar W. Johnston; W. Johnston 7University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar R.S.J. Sparks; R.S.J. Sparks 8University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar J. Neuberg; J. Neuberg 9University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar V. Bass; V. Bass 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar P. Dunkley; P. Dunkley 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar R. Herd; R. Herd 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar T. Syers; T. Syers 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar P. Williams; P. Williams 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar D. Williams D. Williams 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information G.S. Mattioli 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA B. Voight 2Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA A.T. Linde 3Carnegie Institution of Washington, 530 P Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20005, USA I.S. Sacks 3Carnegie Institution of Washington, 530 P Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20005, USA P. Watts 4Applied Fluids Engineering, Inc., 5710 E 7th St. #237, Long Beach, California 90803, USA C. Widiwijayanti 5Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA S.R. Young 5Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA D. Hidayat 5Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA D. Elsworth 5Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA P.E. Malin 6Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA E. Shalev 6Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA E. Van Boskirk 7University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA W. Johnston 7University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA R.S.J. Sparks 8University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK J. Neuberg 9University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK V. Bass 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies P. Dunkley 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies R. Herd 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies T. Syers 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies P. Williams 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies D. Williams 10Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 25 Apr 2006 Revision Received: 03 Aug 2006 Accepted: 11 Aug 2006 First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2682 Print ISSN: 0091-7613 Geological Society of America Geology (2007) 35 (1): 25–28. https://doi.org/10.1130/G22931A.1 Article history Received: 25 Apr 2006 Revision Received: 03 Aug 2006 Accepted: 11 Aug 2006 First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation G.S. Mattioli, B. Voight, A.T. Linde, I.S. Sacks, P. Watts, C. Widiwijayanti, S.R. Young, D. Hidayat, D. Elsworth, P.E. Malin, E. Shalev, E. Van Boskirk, W. Johnston, R.S.J. Sparks, J. Neuberg, V. Bass, P. Dunkley, R. Herd, T. Syers, P. Williams, D. Williams; Unique and remarkable dilatometer measurements of pyroclastic flow–generated tsunamis. Geology 2007;; 35 (1): 25–28. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G22931A.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract Pyroclastic flows entering the sea may cause tsunamis at coastal volcanoes worldwide, but geophysically monitored field occurrences are rare. We document the process of tsunami generation during a prolonged gigantic collapse of the Soufrière Hills volcano lava dome on Montserrat on 12–13 July 2003. Tsunamis were initiated by large-volume pyroclastic flows entering the ocean. We reconstruct the collapse from seismic records and report unique and remarkable borehole dilatometer observations, which recorded clearly the passage of wave packets at periods of 250–500 s over several hours. Strain signals are consistent in period and amplitude with water loading from passing tsunamis; each wave packet can be correlated with individual pyroclastic flow packages recorded by seismic data, proving that multiple tsunamis were initiated by pyroclastic flows. Any volcano within a few kilometers of water and capable of generating hot pyroclastic flows or cold debris flows with volumes greater than 5 × 106 m3 may generate significant and possibly damaging tsunamis during future eruptions. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

Dilatometer

10.1130/g22931a.1

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Citations (38)

Ordovician volcanicity of the SE Harlech dome

Geological Society London Special Publications (1979)

P. N. Dunkley

Summary Acid and basic volcanism took place in the SE Harlech dome from the Arenig to early Caradoc. The chemistry and field relationships of the volcanics suggest that they were generated in a back-arc tensional basin environment.

Dome (geology)

10.1144/gsl.sp.1979.008.01.71

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Citations (7)

Geochronology, stratigraphy and structural evolution of Silali volcano, Gregory Rift, Kenya

Journal of the Geological Society (1995)

Martin Smith P. N. Dunkley Alan L. Deino L. A. J. Williams G. J. H. McCall

Silali, 1°10'N, 36°12°E, is the largest Quaternary caldera volcano in the northern Gregory Rift and is composed predominantly of peralkaline trachytic lavas and pyroclastic deposits, and mildly alkaline to transitional basalts. Detailed mapping combined with radiometric 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age determinations is used to constrain the evolutionary development of Silali. Activity commenced at c. 400–220 ka with the construction of a low relief lava shield whose summit area was subsequently modified by alternating periods of faulting, subsidence and infilling associated with two major periods of explosive activity. This activity ceased around 133–131 ka and was probably the result of fracturing and decompression of a high level magma chamber by regional extension and the injection of basaltic dykes below the volcano. Later eruptions (c. 120 ka) along the western flanks migrated eastward with time and culminated in the eruption of viscous trachyte lavas from a circumferential fissure zone. The emplacement of a basic dyke swarm to shallow crustal levels beneath Silali resulted in the formation a broad volcanic rift zone within which large volumes of fluid basalts were erupted to mantle the flanks of the volcano. This activity mainly pre-dated, but probably also overlapped with, incremental subsidence and asymmetric downsagging of the summit area and the propagation of a circumferential fissure zone. Basalt and trachyte lavas, erupted along the circumferential fissure zone and from a major meridional summit fissure, moved outward to form a series of flat summit benches, and ponded in summit depressions before overflowing. The continuing inward collapse of the summit area and the lateral drainage of magma from a high-level reservoir finally culminated in the formation of a large caldera at c. 63 ka. Post-caldera activity utilized pre-existing weaknesses within the caldera, erupting basalt and trachyte lavas until around 7 ka, and was contemporaneous with the eruption of trachyte lava domes (9–7 ka) on the eastern flanks.

Geochronology

Rift valley

10.1144/gsjgs.152.2.0297

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Citations (36)

Temporal variations in the trace-element content of stream sediments: an example from the seasonally wet-dry tropics

Journal of Geochemical Exploration (1989)

J. Ridgway P. N. Dunkley

Bedrock

Dry season

Trace element

Wet season

Dry climate

Dry zone

10.1016/0375-6742(89)90065-4

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Citations (2)

The CALIPSO Borehole Project at SoufriÃ¨re Hills Volcano, Montserrat, BWI: Status and Scientific Overview of Prodigious Dome Collapse of July 2003

AGU Spring Meeting Abstracts (2005)

G. S. Mattioli B. Voight A. T. Linde I. Selwyn Sacks P. Watts

Dome (geology)

Source

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Citations (0)

Temporal variations in the trace element content of stream sediments: examples from Zimbabwe

Applied Geochemistry (1988)

J. Ridgway P. N. Dunkley

Trace element

Anomaly (physics)

Dry season

Wet season

Seasonality

10.1016/0883-2927(88)90093-5

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Citations (7)

Ce and Nd isotope geochemistry on island arc volcanic rocks with negative Ce anomaly: existence of sources with concave REE patterns in the mantle beneath the Solomon and Bonin island arcs

Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (1992)

Hiroshi Shimizu Hideyuki Sawatari Y. Kawata P. N. Dunkley Akimasa Masuda

Island arc

Volcanic arc

Andesites

Asthenosphere

10.1007/bf00310741

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Citations (49)

Petrogenesis of Silali volcano, Gregory Rift, Kenya

Journal of the Geological Society (1995)

Robie W. Macdonald G.R. Davies B. G. J. Upton P. N. Dunkley Martin Smith

Basalts of the Silali volcano are of high-Fe transitional affinity and range from plagioclase-phyric varieties, probably formed by selective accumulation, to aphyric. They have compositional similarity to oceanic island basalts, but are isotopically variable and have strong, negative Zr anomalies on chondrite-normalized plots. Major and trace element and isotopic evidence indicates that the basalts represent several liquid lines of descent, each equilibrated at crustal pressures. All Silali basalts are relatively evolved; primitive basalts were probably held close to the Moho, where they evolved by gabbro fractionation to produce basalts with less than 8% MgO. These magmas were subsequently held at several levels in the crust, including the rift-axial lava-sediment sequence. Fractionation was along a high-Fe trend through mugearite to metaluminous, two-feldspar trachyte and thence to peralkaline, one-feldspar, silica-oversaturated and -undersaturated trachytes. Magmas intermediate in composition between basalt and trachyte were very rarely erupted at Silali, but their evolution can be deduced from an extensive suite of dolerite blocks, which contain residual glasses varying from mugearitic to peralkaline phonolitic compositions. Magma mixing between basalt and trachyte has been common at Silali, implying complexity of the plumbing system. Evolution of the trachytes was by fractional crystallization combined with assimilation of crust during or after fractionation.

Petrogenesis

Rift zone

10.1144/gsjgs.152.4.0703

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Citations (60)