Geology of the Panxi region, Sichuan Province, Southwest China : report of the 1983・1984 co-operative research of Japan and China
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Research Article| March 01, 2019 Geology and Genesis of the Giant Pulang Porphyry Cu-Au District, Yunnan, Southwest China Kang Cao; Kang Cao 1State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, and School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China2Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Zhi-Ming Yang; Zhi-Ming Yang 2Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China †Corresponding author: e-mail, zm.yang@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar John Mavrogenes; John Mavrogenes 3Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Noel C. White; Noel C. White 4 Centre for Ore Deposit and Earth Sciences (CODES), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 79, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia5Ore Deposits and Exploration Center, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ji-Feng Xu; Ji-Feng Xu 6State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Yang Li; Yang Li 7Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Wei-Kai Li Wei-Kai Li 2Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Economic Geology (2019) 114 (2): 275–301. https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.2019.4631 Article history accepted: 10 Feb 2019 first online: 27 Mar 2019 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Kang Cao, Zhi-Ming Yang, John Mavrogenes, Noel C. White, Ji-Feng Xu, Yang Li, Wei-Kai Li; Geology and Genesis of the Giant Pulang Porphyry Cu-Au District, Yunnan, Southwest China. Economic Geology 2019;; 114 (2): 275–301. doi: https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.2019.4631 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyEconomic Geology Search Advanced Search Abstract The giant Pulang porphyry Cu-Au district (446.8 million tonnes at 0.52% Cu and 0.18 g/tonne Au) is in the southern segment of the Yidun arc (Zhongdian arc), part of the Sanjiang Tethyan orogenic belt in southwest China. The district consists of three deposits: South Pulang (~96% of the total ore reserves) and the smaller East and North Pulang deposits. Four intrusive phases host the three Pulang deposits, which are, in order of emplacement, premineralization fine-grained quartz diorite and coarse-grained quartz diorite, intermineralization quartz monzonite, and late-mineralization diorite porphyry. The complex intruded carbonaceous rocks of the Late Triassic Tumugou slates. Zircon U-Pb laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry dating shows that intrusive activity occurred at about 216 ± 2 Ma.Hydrothermal alteration of the intrusions at Pulang includes five main types: K-silicate, epidote-chlorite, chlorite-illite, quartz-illite, and clay alteration. K-silicate alteration, subdivided into early K-feldspar alteration and late biotite alteration (dominant), mainly affected the central quartz monzonite and adjacent coarse-grained quartz diorite and fine-grained quartz diorite. Epidote-chlorite alteration, the most widespread alteration in the district, extends from the deposit core outward and has overprinted K-silicate alteration at South and North Pulang. Late chlorite-illite, quartz-illite, and clay alteration have overprinted preexisting K-silicate and epidotechlorite alteration assemblages and are locally developed in all four intrusive phases. Copper and gold are positively correlated and are mainly (90%) associated with epidote-chlorite alteration and, to a lesser degree, with K-silicate and chlorite-illite alteration. Hypogene pyrrhotite is intergrown with chalcopyrite and mainly occurs in chlorite-illite– and quartz-illite–altered, coarse-grained quartz diorite at East Pulang. Molybdenite Re-Os dating shows that mineralization in the district occurred at 216.54 ± 0.87 to 216.13 ± 0.86 Ma.The sequence of intrusion emplacement, alteration and veining, and sulfide associations at the three deposits suggests that South and North Pulang are two separate porphyry Cu-Au deposits, whereas East Pulang is probably a distal part of South Pulang. The dominance of primary magnetite over ilmenite and the assemblage titanite + magnetite + quartz in the causative quartz monzonite, and the abundant hydrothermal anhydrite veins associated with early K-silicate and main-mineralization epidote-chlorite alteration indicate the oxidized nature of the felsic intrusion and resultant early hydrothermal fluids. The pyrrhotite related to late chlorite-illite and quartz-illite alteration suggests local reduction due to interaction with the carbonaceous Tumugou slates. The atypical association of epidote-chlorite alteration and Cu mineralization at Pulang either is due to fluids from another porphyry deposit nearby overprinting epidote-chlorite alteration onto preexisting copper mineralization and K-silicate alteration at Pulang or is the result of collapse of epidote-chlorite–stable fluids into the K-silicate-altered core during waning hydrothermal activity. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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