Mapping Aquifer Recharge Potential Zones (ARPZ) Using Integrated Geospatial and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in an Arid Region of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract:
There is an urgent need to explore and analyze new aquifer recharge potential zones (ARPZ) in arid regions exposed mainlyto hard rock local aquifers, whether fractured or non-fractured, for investment and fulfillment of the Saudi Vision 2030. Over-pumping, seawater intrusion, climatological changes, population growth, lack of traditional water supplies, expensive desalinized water, and excessive evaporation have characterized the Duba region of Tabuk province of Saudi Arabia (SA). Aquifer productivity and potentiality are affected by surface geology, rainfall, lineament density, drainage density, slope, elevation, soil, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). This study aims to demarcate the ARPZ using integrated remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) and (RS) approaches. The relative importance of each parameter was determined based on its impact on the aquifer’s potential through the analytical hierarchical process (AHP). The ARPZ zones are categorized into five classes starting from very low to very high potentiality. Southern, western, and northern areas have high to very high aquifer potentiality and recharge. They made up roughly 43% of the area that was examined. About 41.8% of the research area is comprised of low to very low groundwater potentiality, and this potentiality is dispersed over the western and central regions of the region. The medium aquifer potentiality level reflects about 15.2%. The high to very high aquifer potentiality areas coincide with low concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), and nitrate (NO3). The outcomes emphasized the decisiveness of the entire study and its applicability to any place with similar groundwater aspirations and management.Keywords:
Drainage density
Surficial aquifer
Drainage density
Vulnerability index
Surficial aquifer
Cone of depression
Basement
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Drainage density
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The method of recharge groundwater by deep well is used widely.Because the well is adapt to be clogged,this method usually has high requirement for water quality.This made the efficiency of the recharge being low,and corresponding cost increased greatly.A new method,SPD artificial recharge system,is put forward.Through simulation experiment in lab,the new method is compared with direct well recharge.Study showed that the new method is an effective way to recharge deep groundwater.It has the advantage of low requirement for water quality,high speed of recharging,larger amount of recharge and anti-clogging etc.
Clogging
Depression-focused recharge
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