Extinction Pattern and Recovery of the Permian–Triassic Flora in South China
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Early Triassic
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Gymnosperm
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Conodont
Early Triassic
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
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Permian–Triassic extinction event
Conodont
Early Triassic
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Early Triassic
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
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Permian–Triassic extinction event
Early Triassic
Mercury
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
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A regional field study of ichnocoenoses in the Griesbachian Dinwoody Formation and the Smithian Sinbad Limestone Member revealed that benthic invertebrate tracemaking populations exhibited aspects of opportunistic behaviour following the end-Permian mass extinction. This study represents the first documentation of population strategies of ichnocoenoses following a mass extinction event. These trace fossil assemblages are characterised by low-to-moderate ichnodiversity, low-to-moderate bioturbation, small burrow widths, non-specialised behaviour and shallow tiering. Our data combined with other published studies indicate that various ecological characteristics of ichnocoenoses differed by environment, paleolatitude and stage through the Early Triassic. The pattern of opportunistic behaviour is likely attributed to repeated intervals of deleterious environmental conditions similar to those that caused the end-Permian mass extinction.
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Burrow
Early Triassic
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
Marine invertebrates
Bioturbation
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Conodont
Early Triassic
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Large igneous province
Chemostratigraphy
Mercury
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Citations (83)
The most severe mass extinction among animals took place in the latest Permian (ca. 252 million years ago). Due to scarce and impoverished fossil floras from the earliest Triassic, the common perception has been that land plants likewise suffered a mass extinction, but doubts remained. Here we use global occurrence data of both plant macro- and microfossils to analyse plant biodiversity development across the Permian-Triassic boundary. We show that the plant fossil record is strongly biased and that evidence for a mass extinction among plants in the latest Permian is not robust. The taxonomic diversities of gymnosperm macrofossils and of the pollen produced by this group are particularly incongruent. Our results indicate that gymnosperm macrofossils are considerably undersampled for the Early Triassic, which creates the impression of increased gymnosperm extinction in the latest Permian.
Macrofossil
Gymnosperm
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
Early Triassic
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Permian–Triassic extinction event
Early Triassic
Taphonomy
Marine invertebrates
Paleoecology
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
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Citations (45)
The Permian/Triassic mass extinction plays a great role in the evolutionary history of the Earth.After that,the revolution of species was accelerated greatly.The paper summarizes simply the research results of geochemists,geologists and paleontologists in recent years,including dating of the event and several hypotheses.Especially,we described in detail the exterrestrial impact(asteroid or comet),volcanic eruption,anoxia and marine acidification,and then made a simple analysis and discussion in the significance of mass extinction.
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Early Triassic
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
Trias
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Early Triassic
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Origination
Extinction (optical mineralogy)
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