Estuary boundary based on waters surface salinity in cimandiri estuary and cisadane estuary, indonesia.
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Abstract Estuary is an exclusive system and have an important role but also have vulnerabilities that can threaten life in the estuary region, so it is necessary to have knowledge of estuarine boundaries so that conservation can be maintained. This study aims to analyze the boundaries of the Cimandiri Estuary and the Cisadane Estuary based on surface water salinity, and analyze the relationship of estuarine surface water salinity with rainfall, sea surface currents and tides in the Cimandiri Estuary and Cisadane Estuary. The variables used in this study are salinity, rainfall, sea surface currents, and tides. The research method use the Cimandiri Algorithm by processing OLI Landsat 8 Imagery in 2018 and 2019. The results of this study are estuary boundaries divided into 3 estuary boundary classes specifically Mexo-oligohaline (0.5-5 ‰), Mexo-mesohaline (5-18 ‰), and Mexo-polyhaline (18-30 ‰). Cimandiri’s salinity value is strongly affected by season, then by tides and last by the currents, it is because the Cimandiri Estuary has a deep waters. Meanwhile in the Cisadane Estuary, the salinity value is strongly influenced by season, then by the currents and tides, and also influenced by freshwater from land, it is because the Cisadane Estuary has a shallow water.Yu, Y., Zhang, H. and Lemckert, C., 2013. Seasonal variations of the salinity and turbidity in the Brisbane River estuary, Queensland, Australia. In: Conley, D.C., Masselink, G., Russell, P.E. and O'Hare, T.J. (eds.)The Brisbane River estuary, Queensland, Australia, is a vital ecological region and of importance for people who live nearby. The estuarine health status has been influenced by both marine and riverine conditions. The estuary experiences high turbidity and salinity throughout most of the year, however, little is known about the actual turbidity and salinity structures within it. This study examined ten-years of field data to investigate the seasonal variations in salinity and turbidity. The results revealed that the salinity at the Brisbane River mouth was estimated to be 31.7 and 32.8 ppt during wet and dry seasons, respectively. The surface longitudinal salinity then decreased along the estuary, with the highest decreasing rates of 0.7 and 0.6 ppt/km occurring within the mid-estuary. The average salinity flux was 8.19×104 and 8.25×104 ppt m3/s during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The slight discrepancy of salinity fluxes between two seasons may be attributed to the lack of consideration of the other freshwater inflows to the estuary. The actual salinity flux through the estuary will therefore fall within the two estimated flux values. It was also found that the length of the turbidity maximum was approximately 35 km during wet season, which was three times as long as it is during the dry seasons. The values indicate the perceived, and actual, health of the estuary changes with season and location and thus care must be taken when interpreting ad-hoc measurements.
Turbidity
Dry season
Wet season
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Some oceanic phenomena were analyzed according to the underway measure-
ments of sea surface temperature and salinity and the CTD observations conducted be-
tween the southern Taiwan Strait and the Zhujiang River estuary during July--August
2000. The results showed that: (1) there existed an obvious low temperature and high
salinity zone along the coastal area between Dongshan and Huilai and relatively high sa-
linity zones in the coastal areas to the south of Haifeng and Huilai, indicating that the
upwelling existed along the coasts of southern Fujian and eastern Guangdong during the
investigation period; (2) during the investigation period, there existed distinct salinity
fronts between the continental shelf and slope areas from southern Taiwan Strait to the
Zhujiang River estuary; (3) the position of the salinity fronts off the Zhujiang River es-
tuary moved with time.
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The relationship between species number of copepods and salinity or salinity range was investigated in 4 voyages from May 2003 to February 2004.The results revealed that there were species minimum of copepods in the low salinity zone(LSZ) between salinity of 5 to 10 of Jiulongjiang estuary and significant negative linear relationship between salinity range and species number of copepods along the estuary.While more species of copepods were found in the head and mouth of the estuary with lesser salinity range,fewer species of copepods were found in LSZ with strong salinity turbulence;these results indicated that salinity variation controlled the diversity of copepods along the estuary.The finite salinity tolerance and tidally-oriented vertical migration of copepods might be the intrinsic reasons for the phenomenon of species minimum in LSZ.
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