The Diurnal Variation of Upper Winds over Bombay and Poona
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Abstract:
The study has been made from mean monthly velocities. The land and sea breezes which are the most important variations in Bombay, are found to be related with diurnal variation in pressure distribution over a wide area especially caused by the land distribution of that region. The land breeze is associated with a. high and the sea breeze with a' low '. The vertical extent of the sea breeze is found to coincide with the level where the' low' changes to ' high '.
The afternoon winds over Poona are found to be antitriptic in the lower leve'1s and they continue to be weak at higher levels due to weak pressure gradient. In some. of the non-monsoon months katabatie winds Over Poona .are found perceptible even up to 150 metres above ground level.Keywords:
Sea breeze
Diurnal temperature variation
Pressure gradient
Low-pressure area
The diurnal variation of the barometric pressure has already been investigated by many authors. The present author investigated the diurnal variation of the barometric pressure at Misima and Hakoneyama and its realtion to that of air temperature.
Diurnal temperature variation
Variation (astronomy)
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In this paper, the seasonal changes in the diurnal variations of wind and the cloud activity at Serpong (106.7°E, 6.4°S), near Jakarta, are climatologically described. In the dry season (May-October), diurnal variation of wind accompanied with sea-land breeze circulation was prominent. In the rainy season (November-April), the diurnal variation was consistent with sea-land breeze circulation, but was not as clear as that in the dry season. The peak time of the northerly in the rainy season, similarly to that of the sea breezes at Serpong in the low level (below 1.0 km height), was earlier than that in the dry season. The maximum time in the climatological diurnal variation of the surface temperature at Serpong in the rainy season was earlier than that in the dry season. The vertical structure which was consistent with sea breeze circulation was clearer when the prevailing (daily-mean) wind was weaker in the rainy season. These results are consistent with the features of the local circulation; in other words, the local circulation depends on the diurnal variation of surface temperature and is prominent when the prevailing wind is weak. The typical diurnal variation of the wind in the rainy season was unclear when the prevailing northwesterly to westerly was strong around Serpong. Interannual variation of the diurnal variation could be detected in the transitional period from the dry to the rainy season. Cloud activity had prominent diurnal variation over West Jawa in the rainy season and was active in the early evening over land, particularly, in the mountainous area in the south of Serpong. When cloud activity was active over the mountainous area, the northerly below 1.0 km in height was prominent at Serpong, which is consistent with the feature that the development of a local cloud system is accompanied with local circulation.
Wet season
Sea breeze
Diurnal temperature variation
Dry season
Seasonality
Prevailing winds
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Abstract This study is restricted to days with even pressure distribution, and without strong winds that would interfere with the sea breeze. The greatest frequency of such a sea breeze occurs in May, June and October, which are the months of low frequency of the Etesians. The diurnal march of vapour pressure at Athens is clearly double in all months and the year as a whole. However, on days with uninterrupted sea breeze, mainly from May to October, three pairs of extremes characterize the variation, there being two secondary maxima and two secondary minima in the forenoon. The arrival of the moist sea breeze overcompensates the normal decrease of vapour pressure in the morning.
Sea breeze
Diurnal temperature variation
Low-pressure area
Maxima
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The diurnal variation of wind in the atmospheric boundary layer over the Kanto plain is studied in order to find the contribution of each of the land-sea breeze and the diurnal variation of turbulence as a function of the magnitude of the larger-scale pressure gradient. The land-sea breeze is found to be the main source of the diurnal variation of wind when the pressure gradient is less than 5ms-1 in geostrophic wind speed. As the pressure gradient intensifies the land-sea breeze weakens and is replaced by a turbulence-induced diurnal variation, which dominates over the land when the pressure gradient exceeds 10ms-1.
Sea breeze
Pressure gradient
Diurnal temperature variation
Pressure-gradient force
Variation (astronomy)
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