Machine Learning Prediction of Highlatitude Ionospheric Irregularities from GNSS-derived ROTI Maps
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This paper applies a convolutional long short-term memory (convLSTM) model with a custom- designed loss function Lc (convLSTM-Lc) to forecast high-latitude ionospheric irregularities. The data used for this study are GNSS-derived rate of TEC change index (ROTI) maps collected in 2014-2016. The convLSTM-Lc is trained with real ROTI data above 51°magnetic latitude (MLat) during January 1, 2014 to October 21, 2015. Test results show that the convLSTM-Lc model can predict large-scale features and overall evolution of the high-latitude ionospheric irregularities occurrence with a lead time of up to one day.International Reference Ionosphere
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Abstract. The Global Positioning System (GPS) observables are affected by the ionosphere. The dispersive nature of this effect and the use of two frequencies in the GPS observations make possible to measure the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) from dual frequency GPS data. In this work we test the concept of permanent monitoring of TEC using a network of GPS receivers at high latitudes. We have used GPS data from five permanent receivers in Scandinavia, from 1-30 January 1994, with geographic latitudes ranging from 57.4°N to 78.9°N. The results show the capability of the method to monitor the evolution of TEC as a function of time and geographical location. We have detected night-time enhancements almost every night for some of the stations, and we have also been able to produce maps of the instantaneous TEC as a function of both latitude and longitude around the GPS network. We also present some of the current limitations in the use of GPS for estimating TEC at high latitudes such as the difficulties in solving for cycle-slips, and the necessity of reliable values for the receiver and satellite differential instrumental biases.
Longitude
Geographic coordinate system
Differential GPS
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This research is aimed to study and analyze the relationship between the earthquake events and the disturbance of ionosphere. The method is by using the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model to get Total Electron Content (TEC) values and then find the correlation on earthquake events and ionosphere. The result is to be correlated at 0.056, which shows the evidence of correlationon earthquake events and ionosphere. For the future work, we will study the significant on the development of earthquake warning system. This study can be used for educational purposes.
International Reference Ionosphere
Earthquake prediction
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Based on ground-based GPS TEC and occultation electron density of ionosphere,it is possible to detect and identify disturbance stimulated by earthquake wave.In this paper,the ionospheric effect was obtained through ground-based GPS TEC and occultation electron density of ionosphere before several earthquakes occurred in Fujian province in recent years,which provides predictive hints for earthquake prediction of our province in future.
Radio occultation
Occultation
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In this work we report on the results of the ionospheric heating experiments, which were carried out at the Sura (Russia) and EISCAT/Heating (Norway) facilities during several heating campaigns in 2009 and 2010. We present experimental evidences for the influence of the electron density perturbations, induced by HF-heating in the midlatitude and highlatitude ionosphere, on the GNSS radio signals. Variations in the total electron content (TEC), proportional to the reduced phases of navigational signals, were studied. Examples of the identification of the heating-induced variations in TEC, including determination of the amplitudes and temporal characteristics are presented.
Middle latitudes
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Recent ionospheric observations report anomalous total electron content (TEC) deviations prior strong earthquakes. We discuss common fetures of the pre-earthquake TEC disturbances on the basis of statistics covering 50 strong seismic events during 2005-2006. The F2-layer ionospheric plasma drift under action of the electric fields of seismic origin is proposed as the main reason of producing TEC anomalies. The origin of such electric fields is discussed in terms of the lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling system. This theory is supported by numerical simulations using global Upper Atmosphere Model (UAM). UAM calculations show that the vertical electric current with the density of about 20 - 40 nA/m2 flowing between the Earth and ionosphere over an area of about 200 by 2000 km is required to produce the TEC disturbances with the amplitude of about 30% - 50% relatively to the non-disturbed conditions. Ionosphere responses on the variations of the latitudinal position, direction and configuration of the vertical electric currents have been investigated. We show that not only the vertical component of the ionospheric plasma drift but also horizontal components play an important role in producing pre-earthquake TEC disturbances.
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