Origin of the Xitieshan Pb-Zn deposit, Qinghai, China: Evidence from petrography and S-C-O-Sr isotope geochemistry
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Greenschist
Marcasite
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The primary coexisting mineral with galena is sphalerite. Hence, it is critical to selectively separate galena from sphalerite by flotation. In this work, thiourea and related derivatives as potential flotation collectors for separating galena from sphalerite were investigated. Thiourea and its related derivatives were found to be effective selective collectors in batch flotation studies of a single mineral, with 1,1-diphenylthiourea (11DTA) emerging as the best choice. Galena has superior floatability compared to sphalerite in the presence of 11DTA, and the recovery difference between the two minerals at pH 8 (where the 11DTA concentration is 5 × 10−6 mol/L) is around 38%. This was revealed in batch flotation studies using artificial mixed minerals. Moreover, the findings from the measurements of adsorption amount, FTIR, zeta potential and XPS revealed that 11DTA has a strong adsorption on galena yet a relatively weak adsorption on sphalerite. Additionally, DFT calculations demonstrated that sphalerite exhibits stronger hydrophilicity than galena, and 11DTA possessed a better affinity for galena.
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Gangue
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Ore genesis
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The Tianqiao Pb-Zn deposit of Guizhou Province,China,is a representative Pb-Zn ore deposit in the Northwestern Guizhou Pb-Zn metallogrenic province of the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Pb-Zn multimetal mineralization district,which is hosted in Carboniferous carbonate rock and is strictly controlled by structure.The present study analyzed the Ge concentrations of the major ore minerals(Pyrite,sphalerite and galena) from the Tianqiao Pb-Zn deposit by using ICP-MS techniques.We also discussed the distribution of Ge in this area and enrichment mechanism of Ge in galena and sphalerite.The result showed that the concentration and concentration coefficient of Ge of primary ore body in galena were significantly higher than those in sphalerite,which reveal Ge accumulation characteristics of galena.Ge is also concentrated in ore-forming fluid of late stage of the evolution,then Ge can enter the galena by the following equation: 2M(Ⅰ) + M(Ⅱ) + M(Ⅲ)≡4Zn(Ⅱ).We can conclude that Ge occurs as isomorphs replacing not Pb but Zn and entering the lattice of galena.
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