A reagent scheme for galena/sphalerite flotation separation: Insights from first-principles calculations
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Sulfide Minerals
Jinshachang Pb-Zn deposit,located in Yunnan province and the northwest of Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG) Pb-Zn-Ag multi-metal mineralization area,is mainly hosted in the Upper Neoproterozoic carbonate rocks of Dengying Group.The ore minerals mainly contain sphalerite and galena,and the gangue minerals mainly contain barite,fluorite and quartz.The δ34S values of sphalerite minerals are in the range between 3.6‰ and 13.4‰ with an average value of 5.7‰.The δ34S values of galena range from 6.0‰ to 9.0‰ with an average value of 7.1‰.Two δ34S values of barite are 34.8‰ and 34.5‰ and consistent with that of sulfate from the Lower Cambrian stratum,indicating that the sulfur of barite were derived from this stratum.Because the homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions exceed the suitable temperature for bacterial sulfate reduction,therefore this process is not an efficient path for the production of reduced sulfur in this district.If sulfides were derived from the Cambrian stratum due to thermochemical sulfate reduction,sulfides in this deposit should preserve a minimum δ34S value of 14‰ which exceeding that of sulfide from Jinshachang deposit.Therefore,this process is not the only source of reduced sulfur.Considered the fact that the ore district is surrounded by basalts and δ34S values of sulfide related to magmatic activities are relatively low,the reduced sulfur of sulfide may be derived from magmatic activities.The δ34S values of sphalerite are higher than that of coexisting galena,indicating that sulfur isotopic composition in ore-forming fluid had partly reached equilibrium.The equilibrium temperatures calculated by using the δ34S values of surfur-bearing mineral pairs are consistent well with the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions.
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