Effects of wind on the generation of secondary droplets and ring waves due to drop impact onto a water surface
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Drop Impact
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Surface cleaning using air jets is an appropriate method to remove particles from surfaces especially when cleaning by mechanical methods is not suitable. The detachment behavior of droplets using an air jet is not necessarily the same as solid particles and there is a lack of studies regarding this behavior. In this article, the detachment of droplets on a plastic substrate by air jet impingement was investigated experimentally. Droplets of two different size ranges were impinged by an air jet with different impinging angles. For micrometer-sized droplets, a smaller horizontal velocity was required to detach large droplets. Moreover, the horizontal velocity required to detach 50% number fraction of droplets decreased when the air jet impinging angle increased. Millimeter-sized droplets split into many portions. Most portions remained on the substrate and only a few were resuspended. The remaining portions were distributed in a fan shape, with larger droplets traveling further on the substrate. A linear lower bound of traveled distance was observed. Due to the splitting and the small fraction of resuspension, it should not be expected that air jet cleaning of droplets is the same as that for solid particles.Copyright © 2017 American Association for Aerosol Research
Micrometer
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Previous measurements of spray, conducted with various techniques, are reviewed; the results are reanalyzed and compared to provide parametric descriptions of spray in the atmospheric surface layer. The number of droplets is shown to decrease in a power law form with elevation above the water surface. The size distribution of droplets peaks around 200 μm; on the side of larger droplets the frequency of occurrence of droplets decreases with increasing size and appears to approach asymptotically an equilibrium shape at high winds. These results are used along with calculations of droplet motions to determine the mean velocity and the mean distance of traveling of droplets and, subsequently, the concentration of droplets and the effects of spray on momentum, heat, and mass transfers across the air‐water interface. Finally, the results appear to indicate that the spray in laboratory tanks is produced by bubble bursting.
Sea spray
Momentum (technical analysis)
Surface layer
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