Mapping the hydrostratigraphy and groundwater salinity of the Ord Bonaparte plains from AEM and NMR data
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SummaryThis study is part of the groundwater investigations of the Ord Bonaparte plains in the East Kimberley region of Western Australia. A key project aim is to establish a spatial hydrostratigraphic framework to better understand the hydrogeology.To achieve this, AEM data, inverted using 1D SELMA model, were produced as conductivity sections and elevation grids. Interpretation of the AEM data, in conjunction with lithostratigraphic information from three petroleum wells and seven project bores, aided the mapping of hydrostratigraphic units of the Devonian to Permian sequence of the Bonaparte Basin. Mapping results show that the Carboniferous Weaber and Kushill Groups are dipping to the east-northeast and contain laterally continuous stacked aquifers. Within the strata, resistive signatures are associated with sandstone aquifers, slight to moderate conductors are mapped as fine textured aquitard, or as interbedded fine to coarse textured sediment forming semi-confining layers.A water table elevation map was constructed using surface NMR water content profile and machine learning approach to extrapolate across the study area. Using Archie’s Law, groundwater conductivity was predicted from AEM conductivity and porosity derived from borehole NMR measurements.Keywords:
Elevation (ballistics)
Bryozoa
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Abstract The New Zealand succession spans the full length of the Permian, and unlike that of most areas of the world, is almost entirely marine, with faunas ranging from Sakmarian to topmost ("Tatarian") Permian. The Lower Permian is correlated by brachiopods, bivalves and gastropods with faunas of Queensland and New South Wales, and the Upper Permian by brachiopods, an ammonoid, and fusulinids with Tethyan sequences of south and east Asia.
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Abstract The Rai Sandstone contains a bivalve species allied to Aphanaia otamaensis Waterhouse, 1979 from the Waipahi Group of South Otago, and upper Takitimu Group of Southland, of Early Permian age. Previously the Rai specimens had been compared to Maitaia trechmanni Marwick of late Middle Permian age. ?Aphanaia cf. otamaensis, and gastropod ?Mourlonia impressa Waterhouse from the Croisilles Volcanics indicate that the Lee River Group as originally defined is of Early Permian age, older than the Maitai Group, of Middle and Late Permian age.
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Summary .—(1) The reptiles Gordonia, Geikia , and Elginia are shown to be slightly later than those of the Upper Permian Pariasaurus beds of Russia, or those of the equivalent Cisticephalus zone of South Africa. They therefore represent the extreme top of the Permian. (2) The remaining Elgin reptiles are Middle Triassic (? = Lettenkohle of Germany). (3) The Elgin footprints are widely distinct from Triassic forms and from those of the Lower Permian, while agreeing exactly with the group associated with the Magnesian Limestone of England. They therefore represent the extreme top of the Permian. (4) The discovery is recorded of one of the typical footprints in close proximity with the Permian reptile quarry. (5) The Permian rocks occupy the west of the ‘Triassic’ area, the true Trias the east. (6) It is suggested that the area was a landsurface during Permian and Triassic times.
Trias
Early Triassic
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