First workshop on the Carnian Pluvial Episode (Late Triassic): a report
Jacopo Dal CorsoMichael J. BentonMassimo BernardiMatthias FranzPiero GianollaSönke HohnEvelyn KustatscherAgostino MericoGuido RoghiAlastair RuffellJames G. OggNereo PretoAlexander R. SchmidtLeyla J. SeyfullahMichael J. SimmsZhiqiang ShiYang Zhang
23
Citation
0
Reference
20
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Cite
Pluvial
Conodont
Siliciclastic
Large igneous province
Cite
Citations (95)
The geological record contains evidence for numerous pronounced perturbations in the global carbon cycle, some of which are associated with mass extinction. In the Carnian (Late Triassic), evidence from sedimentology and fossil pollen points to a significant change in climate, resulting in biotic turnover, during a time termed the 'Carnian Pluvial Episode' (CPE). Evidence from the marine realm suggests a causal relationship between the CPE, a global 'wet' period, and the injection of light carbon into the atmosphere. Here we provide the first evidence from a terrestrial stratigraphic succession of at least five significant negative C-isotope excursions (CIE)'s through the CPE recorded in both bulk organic carbon and compound specific plant leaf waxes. Furthermore, construction of a floating astronomical timescale for 1.09 Ma of the Late Triassic, based on the recognition of 405 ka eccentricity cycles in elemental abundance and gamma ray (GR) data, allows for the estimation of a duration for the isotope excursion(s). Source mixing calculations reveal that the observed substantial shift(s) in δ13C was most likely caused by a combination of volcanic emissions, subsequent warming and the dissociation of methane clathrates.
Pluvial
Flood basalt
Large igneous province
Cite
Citations (87)
The Late Triassic climate is characterized by arid conditions interrupted by a humid phase known as the Carnian Pluvial Event (CPE). This wet phase is well documented in the Tethyan realm, but evidence from the Boreal realm is scarce. Here we present evidence from quantitative palynology for the CPE from the Kapp Toscana Group on central Spitsbergen integrated with organic carbon isotope data linked to the geomagnetic polarity time scale. Our data reveal an early to mid-Julian-1 age for the Tschermakfjellet Formation. The transition to the Julian-2 is located in the De Geerdalen Formation and the Isfjorden Member is confirmed as mostly Tuvalian-3 in age. The Aulisporites astigmosus pollen assemblage zone that marks the base of the CPE in the Tethys realm at the base of the Julian-2 is assigned to the Julian-1 in the Boreal region. Palaeoclimate proxy data inferred from principal component analysis indicate wetter conditions from the Julian-2 onwards, which is in agreement with the establishment of local swamp vegetation on top of a delta plain. The palaeotemperature curve indicates a period of cooler climate during the early Julian-1 followed by warming during the late Julian-1. Supplementary materials: A list of all identified morphotaxa of pollen, spores and aquatic palynomorphs is available at http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18879 .
Pluvial
Cyclostratigraphy
Cite
Citations (63)
Abstract From 1989 to 1994 a series of papers outlined evidence for a brief episode of climate change from arid to humid, and then back to arid, during the Carnian Stage of the late Triassic Epoch. This time of climate change was compared to marine and terrestrial biotic changes, mainly extinction and then radiation of flora and fauna. Subsequently termed, albeit incorrectly, the Carnian Pluvial Event (CPE) by successive authors, interest in this episode of climatic change has increased steadily, with new evidence being published as well as several challenges to the theory. The exact nature of this humid episode, whether reflecting widespread precipitation or more local effects, as well as its ultimate cause, remains equivocal. Bed-by-bed sampling of the Carnian in the Southern Alps (Dolomites) shows the episode began with a negative carbon isotope excursion that lasted for only part of one ammonoid zone ( A. austriacum ). However, that the Carnian Humid Episode represents a significantly longer period, both environmentally and biotically, is irrefutable. The evidence is strongest in the European, Middle Eastern, Himalayan, North American and Japanese successions, but not always so clear in South America, Antarctica and Australia. The eruption of the Wrangellia Large Igneous Province and global warming (causing increased evaporation in the Tethyan and Panthalassic oceans) are suggested as causes for the humid episode.
Pluvial
Cite
Citations (126)
Supercontinent
Large igneous province
Tethys Ocean
Pluvial
Early Triassic
Global cooling
Aridification
Cite
Citations (355)
Pluvial
Large igneous province
Tethys Ocean
Cite
Citations (121)
Research Article| December 01, 2006 High-precision U-Pb zircon age from the Triassic of Italy: Implications for the Triassic time scale and the Carnian origin of calcareous nannoplankton and dinosaurs Stefano Furin; Stefano Furin 1Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Nereo Preto; Nereo Preto 2Dipartimento di Geologia, Paleontologia e Geofisica, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Giotto 1, 35137 Padova, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Manuel Rigo; Manuel Rigo 2Dipartimento di Geologia, Paleontologia e Geofisica, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Giotto 1, 35137 Padova, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Guido Roghi; Guido Roghi 3Institute of Geosciences and Georesources, C.N.R., Corso Garibaldi 37, 35137 Padova, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Piero Gianolla; Piero Gianolla 4Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara, Italy Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar James L. Crowley; James L. Crowley 5Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Samuel A. Bowring Samuel A. Bowring 5Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Stefano Furin 1Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara, Italy Nereo Preto 2Dipartimento di Geologia, Paleontologia e Geofisica, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Giotto 1, 35137 Padova, Italy Manuel Rigo 2Dipartimento di Geologia, Paleontologia e Geofisica, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Giotto 1, 35137 Padova, Italy Guido Roghi 3Institute of Geosciences and Georesources, C.N.R., Corso Garibaldi 37, 35137 Padova, Italy Piero Gianolla 4Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via G. Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara, Italy James L. Crowley 5Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA Samuel A. Bowring 5Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 15 May 2006 Revision Received: 20 Jun 2006 Accepted: 22 Jun 2006 First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2682 Print ISSN: 0091-7613 The Geological Society of America, Inc. Geology (2006) 34 (12): 1009–1012. https://doi.org/10.1130/G22967A.1 Article history Received: 15 May 2006 Revision Received: 20 Jun 2006 Accepted: 22 Jun 2006 First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Stefano Furin, Nereo Preto, Manuel Rigo, Guido Roghi, Piero Gianolla, James L. Crowley, Samuel A. Bowring; High-precision U-Pb zircon age from the Triassic of Italy: Implications for the Triassic time scale and the Carnian origin of calcareous nannoplankton and dinosaurs. Geology 2006;; 34 (12): 1009–1012. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G22967A.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract The Triassic time scale is poorly constrained due to a paucity of high-precision radiometric ages. We present a 206Pb/238U age of 230.91 ± 0.33 Ma (error includes all known sources) for zircon from an ash bed in the upper Carnian (Upper Triassic) of southern Italy that requires a major revision of the Triassic time scale. For example, the Norian stage is lengthened to more than 20 m.y. The section containing the ash bed is correlated with other Tethyan sections and, indirectly, with the Newark astronomical polarity time scale (APTS). The dating provides also a minimum age for some important climatic and biotic events that occurred during the Carnian. We note a coincidence between these events and the eruption of the large igneous province of Wrangellia, but the possible link between volcanism and climatic and biotic events requires further scrutiny. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Cite
Citations (259)
Cyclostratigraphy
Magnetostratigraphy
Eccentricity (behavior)
Cite
Citations (64)
Ladinian
Early Triassic
Carbonate platform
Terrigenous sediment
Cite
Citations (135)
Pluvial
Diachronous
Paleoclimatology
Tethys Ocean
Aptian
Cite
Citations (80)