Utilization of artificial aquifer physical model to aid technical learning of groundwater hydrology
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Abstract:
A study of hydrogeological process involves movement of water beneath the ground surface. Water content in the aquifer influences the quantitative determination of aquifer hydraulic parameters. The limited opportunity to
explore and demonstrate groundwater processes is the reason why students have inappropriate understanding of groundwater concept. The visualisation of groundwater flow is quite difficult as it deals with subsurface condition which cannot be seen. In research, field experiments on groundwater are difficult to carry out because time consuming and involves uncertainty in aquifer conditions. Physical models have been used in classroom as a tool for teaching hydrogeology. Further understanding was developed by demonstration and
observation of groundwater flow using simple sand tank. Previous research implemented sand tank under controlled conditions to investigate the mechanism and flow process of groundwater. A large artificial physical aquifer
model was developed in this study as an alternative to show the students the real aquifer condition and hydrogeology processes. The model consisted of
three different layers of soils, in which water table level was controlled using water tank at both sides of the physical model structure. Hydraulic parameters
of the artificial aquifer and performance of production well were evaluated by pumping tests. The groundwater flow in the artificial aquifer model was simulated accordingly to Darcy‟s law. Analysis of pumping test was computed by an Aquifer Test software. Well performance measurement provided by a step drawdown pumping test estimated the efficiency of well as 99%. The artificial aquifer model was verified by constant rate discharge pumping test and found to be a leaky aquifer. The pumping test analyzed the aquifer with transmissivity of 78.50m2/day and hydraulic conductivity of 7.37m/day while
recovery test analyzed the transmissivity to be 8.22m2/day and hydraulic conductivity of 7.34m/day. Both test analyzed the storage coefficient as 0.5.
This artificial aquifer physical model was designed and developed to enhance student‟s understanding of groundwater theory. Through hands-on pumping test on the aquifer model, students would be able to visualize clearer the groundwater processes.Keywords:
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AB STRA CTVerifi cation of recharge of groundwater in the deep Quaternary sand layers covered with leaky deposits of silt and clay has been implemented using mathematical modelling of the aquifer system in conditions of test pumping and during the 10 year exploitation of the Osijek well fi eld Vinogradi.An analytical method for the identifi cation of local parameters of the leaky aquifer is shown using the Excel program that enables usage of data from the relatively short term testing period, while at the same time suppressing external impacts.Boundary conditions and regional aquifer parameters have been verifi ed by a numeric aquifer model, calibrated on the basis of three years of data from functioning fi eld wells.The 96 mm average yearly recharge of rainfall infi ltration into the aquitard was identifi ed by validation of the model, based on information obtained from observation of groundwater levels in piezometers and in the pumped wells over a ten year period.At the end of the validation period, there was a 20 month break in pumping of the entire well fi eld, and the measured recovery of groundwater levels provided an additional check on the results.Variation in the groundwater levels from particular layers, and water quality during exploitation are explained by the combined effects of closing of some of the well screens and the heterogeneity of the aquifer system.
Depression-focused recharge
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Abstract Estimation of aquifer hydraulic properties is essential for predicting the response of an aquifer to extractions and hence estimating the availability of the groundwater resources. Aquifer tests are commonly used for the estimation of aquifer properties; however, they can be expensive and often only characterize the short‐term response of the aquifer. This paper presents a time series modelling approach to estimating aquifer hydraulic properties. It is applied to 42 bores monitoring an unconfined aquifer within an irrigation region of south‐eastern Australia, and the resulting probabilistic estimate of hydraulic properties are evaluated against pumping test estimates. It is demonstrated that the time series modelling can provide a reliable estimate of the hydraulic properties that are typical of a very long‐term pumping test. Furthermore, the application of the time series modelling to 42 bores provided novel insights into the aquifer heterogeneity. We encourage others to further test the approach and the source code is available from: http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/48546‐peterson‐tim‐j‐groundwater‐statistics‐toolbox Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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