Aeromagnetic and spectral expressions of rare earth element deposits in Gallinas Mountains area, Central New Mexico, USA
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The Gallinas Mountains, located at the junction of Lincoln and Torrance Counties, New Mexico, USA, are a series of alkaline volcanic rocks intruded into Permian sedimentary rocks. The Gallinas Mountains area hosts fluorite and copper as veins containing bastnäsite, whereas deposits of iron skarns and iron replacement are in the area as well. These deposits produce iron. In this study, the multispectral band-ratio method is used for surface mineral recognition, whereas 2D subsurface structure inversion modeling was applied to explore the depth extent of the magnetic ore distribution from aeromagnetic data. Bastnäsite has higher magnetic susceptibility (0.009 SI) than the host rocks and surrounding sedimentary rock. The bastnäsite and iron oxides (magnetite + hematite) can contribute to a positive aeromagnetic anomaly. Results indicate that (1) the positive magnetic anomaly observed at Gallinas Mountains area can be accounted for by a mixture of bastnäsite and iron oxides at a depth of approximately 400 m and a thickness of approximately 13–15 m. The surface of this area is dominated by the hydrothermal alteration associated with iron oxides over the trachyte intrusions as detected by Landsat 8 band-ratio imaging.Keywords:
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Geologic Framework of the Kuluncak-Sofular Area, East-Central Turkey, and K-Ar Ages of Igneous Rocks
Research Article| November 01, 1974 Geologic Framework of the Kuluncak-Sofular Area, East-Central Turkey, and K-Ar Ages of Igneous Rocks G. W. LEO; G. W. LEO 1U.S. Geological Survey, National Center, Mail Stop 928, Reston, Virginia 22092 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar R. F. MARVIN; R. F. MARVIN 2U. S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar H. H. MEHNERT H. H. MEHNERT 2U. S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information G. W. LEO 1U.S. Geological Survey, National Center, Mail Stop 928, Reston, Virginia 22092 R. F. MARVIN 2U. S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225 H. H. MEHNERT 2U. S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225 Publisher: Geological Society of America First Online: 01 Jun 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2674 Print ISSN: 0016-7606 Geological Society of America GSA Bulletin (1974) 85 (11): 1785–1788. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1974)85<1785:GFOTKA>2.0.CO;2 Article history First Online: 01 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation G. W. LEO, R. F. MARVIN, H. H. MEHNERT; Geologic Framework of the Kuluncak-Sofular Area, East-Central Turkey, and K-Ar Ages of Igneous Rocks. GSA Bulletin 1974;; 85 (11): 1785–1788. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1974)85<1785:GFOTKA>2.0.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract The Kuluncak-Sofular area, located about midway between Sivas and Malatya in east-central Turkey is underlain by a variety of sedimentary, volcanic, and intrusive rocks. The sedimentary rocks have been deposited on a pre-Campanian serpentinite basement and include Cretaceous conglomerate, graywacke, tuff, and limestone; Eocene arkosic sandstone, conglomerate, and limestone; and Miocene limestone and dolomite. K-Ar ages determined for volcanic and intrusive rocks from the same area are 75.5 m.y. for alkalic diabase that intrudes the Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks; 74.3 and 71.1 m.y. for trachyte that partly overlies and partly intrudes the same Upper Cretaceous sequence; 65.2 m.y. for alkalic syenite that intrudes Upper Cretaceous limestone; 18.7 to 16.8 m.y. for andesite and basalt that overlie middle to late Eocene sedimentary rocks; and 14.1 m.y. for a dacite plug that cuts Miocene limestone. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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The Cuonadong Sn–W–Be polymetallic deposit in the Himalayan leucogranite belt is a representative hydrothermal deposit. The role of fluid exsolution directly from magma and the fluid reaction with surrounding rocks for ore-forming element enrichment is still controversial. Tourmaline is a significant B-bearing mineral in the hydrothermal deposit, and its geochemical and B isotopic signatures can record the source and evolution of the ore-forming fluid. Two types of hydrothermal tourmaline in the hydrothermal quartz vein (Tur-1) and skarn (Tur-2) were used in this study. Both Tur-1 and Tur-2 have low X-site occupancy and mainly belong to the alkali group. Tur-1 plots in the schorl field, whereas Tur-2 is largely Mg-rich dravite. The B isotope analyses of Tur-1 have δ 11 B values of −13.7 to −13.2‰, whereas Tur-2 has higher δ 11 B values of −11.1 to −9.3‰. The distinct contact relationship and geochemical compositions suggest that Tur-1 in the hydrothermal vein was formed from a magmatic-hydrothermal fluid with little influence from surrounding rocks and had a genetic relationship with the Cuonadong leucogranite, whereas Tur-2 in the skarn involved more fluid from surrounding rocks with high δ 11 B values and strong metasomatic texture. The higher ore-forming element contents in Tur-2 than those in Tur-1 indicate that the reaction between the magmatic exsolution fluid and the surrounding rock is essential for the enrichment and precipitation of ore-forming elements.
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Argillic alteration
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