A new Paleoproterozoic tectonic history of the eastern Capricorn Orogen, Western Australia, revealed by U–Pb zircon dating of micro-tuffs
Stephen SheppardIan R. FletcherBirger RasmussenJian‐Wei ZiJanet R. MuhlingSandra OcchipintiM.T.D. WingateSimon P. Johnson
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Orogeny
Basement
Siliciclastic
Geochronology
Paleocurrent
The Camaqua Basin is an extensional post-orogenic and pre-cratonic rift system of Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian age located in the Gaucho Shield, Rio Grande do Sul, southernmost Brazil. The basin is divided into a series of small sub-basins which were filled with the Camaqua Group, a thick (>9,000 m) unit composed of three formations: (i) the siliciclastic Marica Formation, (ii) the volcano-sedimentary Crespos Formation and (iii) the siliciclastic Santa Barbara Formation. These units correspond to three major stratigraphic sequences, and are divided into higher order sequences. Provenance and paleocurrent analysis of the siliciclastic deposits show a close relationship of the sourcearea with the lithologies that occur today in the neighborhood of these deposits, suggesting that no important lateral transport took place along the border faults. Paleocurrent measurements indicate a northern position for the marine body that cyclically invaded the basin.
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Both western Taiwan foreland and Timor Sea foreland are part of the trench-arc-basin system around the Pacific. Huang et al. (2000) drew a conclusion that the Timor foreland corresponds to the initial arc-continent collision occurring in southern Taiwan and its neighboring sea after enumerating their common characteristics. We think a conflict actually exists in this study. The flexural characteristics as well as the process of orogeny may be one of the foci of attention for some individual study. However, many researchers usually are inclined to pay more attention to foreland response to orogeny and to comparable study of similarities and differences in structure and stratigraphy, and draw their conclusions while ignoring the huge influence played by the differences in plate flexural characteristics. Timor Sea foreland and western Taiwan foreland share very similar history of evolution and form generally distinctly tectonic status. We think the huge difference in plate flexural characteristics is responsible for it.
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In the central Apennines, interacting siliciclastic and carbonate marine clastic wedges filled the foreland basin system during the late Miocene. Conjunction of collisional thrust tectonics and prethrusting normal faults generated a complex foredeep with intrabasinal structural highs that represented additional source areas to the basin.
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The timing of peak Grampian metamorphism is well constrained from the detrital record of the adjacent fore-arc basin fill and geochronology of synorogenic intrusive rocks, but the onset of collision is less certain. Proximal Silurian conglomerates contain plagiogranite boulders unequivocally derived from the Lough Nafooey arc, two of which yield U–Pb secondary ionization mass spectrometry zircon ages of 489.9 ± 3.1 Ma and 487.8 ± 2.3 Ma. Nd isotopic evidence (ϵ Nd(490) c . 0) demonstrates that the plagiogranites assimilated significant amounts of old continental crust. This provides an absolute age constraint on a previously poorly constrained and inferred event, demonstrating that the arc had encountered subducting Laurentian margin sediments by 490 Ma.
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