New Progress on the Exploration of the Important Mineral Resources of the Arctic Circle and Its Adjacent Region
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Abstract:
Arctic Circle and its adjacent region(ACAR)contain various abundant mineral deposits and therefore its mining exploration and development has been concerned by the international mining society for a long time.During the past hundred years,the ACAR has been one of the most important metallic resource suppliers to USA,Canada,Russia and European Union.Metals are produced from active mines in all countries of ACAR except Iceland and related industries are thriving in all countries.Important metallic mineral deposit types include volcanic massive sulfide copper-polymetallic deposit,magmatic Ni,PGE,Cr,Ti±V deposits,structure-related gold deposit,intrusion-related copper and gold deposit and sedimentary lead-zinc deposits.Besides these well-documented deposits,new type of deposits are being explored,e.g.,iron oxide-copper-gold(IOCG)and shale-hosted Ni-Zn-Cu deposits.With the recently discoveries of several world-class metallic deposits and the re-open of a number of old mines,the regional metallogenic studies and mineral exploration of the region has attracted attention from the international geologists.To carry out the idea of types of mining markets and two kinds of mineral in China,the ACAR will be one of the best choices.Although the ACAR is still a frontier area with great challenge for exploration and mining,the present high activity of exploration indicates that this area has a very broad prospecting.For a clearly understanding the potential of mineral resources in the ACAR,the present mineral exploration situation and basic geological features of the important mineral deposits have been summarized.Meanwhile,the geological setting and exploration potential have been discussed in this paper.The purpose of this work is to fill the knowledge gaps of our understanding on the potential of mineral resources of the ACAR.To better find new mineral deposits in the ACAR,we need more detailed studies both on regional metallogeny and individual deposit.Keywords:
Mineral exploration
Mineral resource classification
Prospecting
Metallogeny
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There are rich mineral resources such as gold,silver,nickel,uranium,iron,coal,bauxite and gem stones in Colombia. The central part is located in the andean metallogenic belt of the pacific rim region,therefore,there are favorable metallogenic conditions for porphyry copper,porphyry copper-gold,epithermal gold and silver deposit and iron oxide type Fe-Cu deposit( IOCG),however,in general,the exploration and exploitation is relatively low,therefore,there is great potential for finding mineral resources. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of geology and mineral resources of Colombia,the author divided metallogenic belts,summed up the regional metallogenic regularities and conducted prospecting classification and prospecting analysis. Finally the author proposed that the equity joint venture model is good choice for Chinese's companies and enterprises who want to invest in the cooperation of exploration and resource development in Colombia,and had better select the local famous enterprise to establish the strategical alliance to avoid the investment risk,so as to achieve the goal of exchanging the industry and investment into resources.
Prospecting
Mineral resource classification
Mineral exploration
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AbstractGansu Province is in north central China. The Province is rich in mineral resources with more than 100 known deposits, containing a variety of commodities, and of a number of different styles. However, gold reserves in Gansu were insignificant until the mid-1980s when developments in geochemical exploration techniques led to the discovery of over 40 new deposits. These geochemical methods play a key role in gold exploration in Gansu, particularly during reconnaissance exploration. Geophysics tends to be used as a tool to follow-up in prospective areas.MThe role of geophysics in gold exploration in Gansu can be illustrated using a number of case studies. The deposits described here are at Liba, Huaxi, Liziyuan, Nanjinshan and Xiaoxigong. These deposits are of different types, and this results in different geophysical methods being effective in each case. The Liba and Huaxi deposits occur in sedimentary rocks. They are structurally controlled and sulphides are associated with mineralisation. Ground magnetic surveys are useful for mapping the mineralised structures and stratigraphy. However, the IP method is badly affected by conductive cover. The deposit at Liziyuan is also structure-controlled but occurs in altered granodiorite. Sulphides are again associated with mineralisation. Mineralised bodies within granodiorite are associated with coincident IP anomaly and geochemical anomalies. However, in this case ground magnetic data are ineffective. The Nanjinshan deposit occurs within high-grade quartzitic metasediments and again structural control is evident. Sulphides scattered within quartz veins are associated with the mineralisation. The resistivity method is effective for determining positions and depth extensions of gold-bearing quartz veins. In the Xiaoxigong deposit, borehole geophysical methods were very useful during the evaluation of the deposit. Geophysical logging was able to efficiently identify the mineralised sections. Mise-a-la-masse potential and IP data were able to determine the spatial distribution of mineralisation. Drill hole measurements of potential, using a surface source, helped to find blind mineralisation adjacent to the drillhole.KeywordsChinagoldGansuLibamineral explorationNanjinshanXiaoxigong
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