Benthic polychaetes as good indicators of anthropogenic impact
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Seven stations were sampled within the Mormugao harbour area for benthos and environmental variables from September 2003 to July 2004. A total of 71 polychaete taxa were identified from the area. Polychaete abundance, biomass and species number was highest during post monsoon, mainly due to new recruitment. Pre monsoon is the most stable period for community development when, the fauna was dominated by opportunistic deposit feeding polychaete species. Average abundance ranged from 652-4096 ind mKeywords:
Benthos
Spionidae
Detritivore
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Spionidae
Quadrat
Guild
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This study describes the spatial and temporal variations in the biodiversity of polychaetes in an area subjected to different anthropogenic activities (fishing, tourism and oil refinery activities). It involved the evaluation of sediment data and biological assessment of these invertebrates in 20 stations distributed along the coast line of the Peninsula de Paraguana, being sampled in 10 occasions, between july-2008 and September-2010. Sediment analyses showed a northern zone dominated by the sand fraction, and a southern zone with a large content of mud and a high percentage of organic matter. A total of 18 taxonomic groups were recorded, where 7368 individuals of the polychaete group were identified, belonging to 35 families, with Capitellidae (35%) and Spionidae (21%) as the most abundant. The family richness oscillated between 1,6 nFam/Cam (S19) and 6,8 nFam/Cam (S16), while the higher densities were reported in the 18 and 19 stations, reaching the maximum value of 1789,73 ± 3152,86 ind/m 2 (S18). These high values belonged to capitellids and spionids (> 6000 ind/m 2 ), and suggested the existence of a local disturbance event that is associated with the oil refinery activities. This study showed how the analyses of biological data can be useful for detecting the influence of anthropogenic impact events when chemical information is not available.
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Peninsula
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In order to understand the community structure of polychaete in different botanic habitats in Zhangjiang River Estuary, an investigation was conducted in the habitats of Kandelia candel, Aegiceras corniculatum, Spartina alterniflora, and Avicennia marina in four seasons, 2010. A total of 15 polychaete species were recorded, and 6 species including Eteone delta, Namalycastis abiuma, Paraleonnates uschakovi, Polydora ciliata, Capitella capitata, and Mediomastus californiensis were found in the four habitats and four seasons. The density, biomass, richness index, evenness index, and diversity index of the polychaete had no significant differences among seasons but significant differences among habitats, and the dominant species of polychaete in S. alterniflora habitat differed from that in the other three mangrove habitats. Pearson correlation analysis showed that in the mangrove and salt marsh, there were no significant correlations between the polychaete parameters (density, biomass, richness index, evenness index, and diversity index) and the environmental factors (sediment temperature, salinity, total organic carbon, and total nitrogen), except that the species number of polychaete had significant correlation with sediment temperature due to the common species of polychaete such as Capitella capitata, Mediomastus californiensis, and Namalycastis abiuma in the mangrove and salt marsh in Zhangjiang River Estuary being of eurytherm and eurysalinity, and resistant to high organic matter content.
Spartina alterniflora
Salt marsh
Diversity index
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The Determination of Organic Carbon in Marine Muds Get access S. K. el Wakeel, S. K. el Wakeel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. P. Riley J. P. Riley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ICES Journal of Marine Science, Volume 22, Issue 2, February 1957, Pages 180–183, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/22.2.180 Published: 01 February 1957
Carbon fibers
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Detritivore
Benthos
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Environmental Monitoring
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Meiobenthos
Benthos
Diversity index
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Benthic fauna in relation to some physico-chemical parameters and sediment composition was studied for a period of two years. The fauna comprised of polychaetes, bivalves, gastropods, crustaceans and other groups such as planarians, polyclads and phoronids. Among 47 species belonging to the above groups, 21 belonged to polychaetes, 4 to gastropods, 7 to bivalves, 9 to crustaceans and 6 to other groups. Among these, polychaetes predominated both in species composition and abundance. The total benthic population density varied from 0 to 900 Nos/m2. There was no significant variation in the population density between tides. Among the different environmental parameters studied, salinity and sediment composition appear to play an important role in the spatial and temporal variations of benthic population. A significant negative relationship was obtained between sand and benthic fauna while clay showed positive relationship. A complete change in the sediment composition and the dominance of different groups of benthic fauna was observed in 1978
Dominance (genetics)
Population density
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Benthos
Freshwater inflow
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Polychaetes are usually the most abundant taxon in benthic communities and have been most often utilized as indicator species of environmental conditions. This review finds that, while the use of indicator species for a particular pollutant is not simple, polychaetes can provide a useful means of assessing the effects of poor environmental conditions. Polychaetes may be used as sensitive monitors of water quality especially in terms of the effects of pollutants on life history characteristics. They may also be utilized as general indicators of community diversity but those species indicative of lower diversity may differ geographically and temporally. While sewage is often a mixture of high organic material and other pollutants such as heavy metals and pesticides, high organic situations associated with aquaculture facilities indicates that members of the Capitella capitata species complex and the dorvilleid genus Ophryotrocha are often dominant. Some species of polychaetes are able to live in sediments very high in trace metal content and body burden of these metals often does not reflect sediment concentrations due to regulation by these species. Many species seem relatively resistant to organic contaminants and pesticides and the effects of these pollutants on life history characteristics of these species may provide a more sensitive assay method. Recent studies using biomarkers in polychaetes to indicate general heavy metal or pesticide contamination has shown some success. Polychaete species known to occur in appreciable densities in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica, and which have been most often used as indicator species of pollution, are listed as potential taxa for environmental monitoring in this tropical estuary. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (Suppl. 4): 11-38. Epub 2009 June 30.
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