A precisely dated climate record for the last 9 kyr from three high alpine stalagmites, Spannagel Cave, Austria
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Abstract:
Here we use the δ 18 O time‐series of three stalagmites from the high alpine Spannagel cave (Austria) which grew in small distance from each other to construct a precisely dated, continuous δ 18 O curve for the last 9 kyr (COMNISPA). This speleothem record is not influenced by effects of kinetic isotope fractionation due to the low temperatures in the cave. Thus, the variations in δ 18 O can be interpreted in terms of past climate change. COMNISPA exhibits several oscillations within the Holocene, and their timing and duration is in agreement with that documented by other alpine archives.Keywords:
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Speleothem
Ice core
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Paleoclimatology
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The cave deposits,especially the stalagmites,are widely distributed and precisely dated terrestrial archives for paleoclimate studies,the stable oxygen isotope sequences from which were believed to duplicate well between spatially-seperated caves.Nevertheless,climatic interpretation of oxygen isotope from the stalagmites,particularly in the Asian monsoon regions,has been challenged due to insufficient quantitative studies.Thus,previous investigations on quantitative studies of speleothem indicators,i.e.δ18O,δ13C,trace element,layer thickness and growth dynamics are summarized in this paper.Compared with other geologic records,some urgent issues are tentatively put forward involving calibration with monitoring data,multi-proxy studies and combination with the regional tree-ring data.The aim for this paper is to further understand the quantitative relationship between stalagmite proxies and climate,and promote the regional and global comparison with the speleothem records.
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TIMS U-Th dating and high-resolution oxygen isotopic composition measurements were conducted on a stalagmite SI3 collected from Shizi cave, Nuoshuihe, northeastern Sichuan, Central China. The stalagmite SI3 was developed between 54-46 ka. Its δ18O record displays a high similarity with those of stalagmites MSL and MSD from Hulu cave, East China and D4 from Dongge cave, Southwest China, respectively. The trend of the δ18O record of SI3 also parallels with those of ice core GISP2 from polar area and of speleothem in Israel. These suggest that the δ18O record of SI3 is closely related with summer monsoon variation in East Asia. However, some evidences seem to suggest that carbonates in SI3 are more 18O enriched than those deposited under oxygen isotopic equilibrium condition. There was probably kinetic fractionation when SI3 was developed. This may be explained by the locus of SI3 that was collected near the entrance of Shizi cave. The possible mechanism between the δ18O record of SI3 and the variation in East Asian summer monsoon was speculated. It is suggested that in the East Asian summer monsoon domain, the δ18O record of some speleothem deposited even under nonequilibrium condition is still a potential proxy for summer monsoon variation.
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As a rare paleo-environmental information carrier, the speleothem and the effect of speleothem in the paleo-environmental reconstruction are being concerned by more scholars with the development of the global climate change research. Reconstruction for paleo-environment with speleothem has been carried out for more than 20 years and great amount of data recorded in stalagmite have been obtained by scholars of our country. This information management system, which mainly collects the data recorded in the stalagmites from the South and the North of China, analyses the data and designs database. This system or database makes it easy and convenient for the researchers who is engaged in the paleo-environmental reconstruction to inquire related data recorded in stalagmites, realizing sharing science and technology resources.
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