Geology of the Al Lisaili 1:100 000 map sheet, 100-6, United Arab Emirates
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This Sheet Description describes the Quaternary and solid geology of the Al Lisaili 1:100 000 scale geological map. It includes the southern outskirts of Dubai, including part of Jebal Ali and the development around the new Al Maktoum International Airport. Apart from these urban areas, the region is largely undeveloped desert. Much of the map area is covered by dune forms, mostly either low dunes or dune ridges, with large interdunes underlain either by variably dolomitised sandstone, siltstone and conglomerate of the Miocene Barzaman Formation or the Quaternary fluvial sandstones, conglomerates and calcretes of the Hili Formation. The Barzaman Formation forms the rock-head across most of the district and is locally well exposed in interdunes. Quaternary carbonate-dominated aeolianites (Ghayathi Formation) form distinctive palaeodune ridges that trend southwest-northeast-across the district, particularly to the west and northwest of the district. Marine deposits of the Abu Dhabi Formation are present around Jebal Ali, mostly forming areas of coastal sabkha.
Although the majority of sheet 100-6 is desert, significant parts of the onshore landscape and the short stretch of coast has been strongly influenced by anthropogenic activity. The rapid growth of Dubai since the 1970s has led to extensive areas being landscaped or reclaimed for development or forestry. Major residential, commercial and industrial developments exist or are proposed around Jebal Ali, and around the Al Maktoum International Airport, whilst forestry and farming projects occur in the south and west. Many of the excavations in the development sites around Dubai and Jebal Ali, such as for example, the trial excavations for the proposed Arabian Canal scheme, provided excellent exposures of the underlying geology. Details of some of these sections are provided in this report. Over much of the area, ‘Made Ground’ that includes engineered fill is widespread.Keywords:
Sabkha
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The Olympic Peninsula is located in the extreme northwestern part of the United States. Extensive forests, logged-over areas, glacial deposits, and scarcity of roads hinder geological investigation. The geological column is limited to the Oligocene, Miocene, Pleistocene, and possibly Eocene. Much superficial folding and faulting occur along the coast. In the lower shale member of the Miocene, there are many gas and two oil seeps. The oil possibilities are worthy of investigation and test wells are proposed.
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Petroleum exploration in eastern Panama and northwestern Colombia has gained impetus by recent side-looking-radar, geologic reconnaissance mapping. Radar-derived geologic information is now available for approximately 40,000 sq km where previous reconnaissance investigations have been extremely limited because of inaccessibility and almost perpetual cloud cover. With radar imagery as the sole source of remote-sensing data, the distribution, continuity, and structural grain of key strata provide evidence that the eastern Panamanian Isthmus can be divided into three main physiographic-structural parts: two composite coastal mountain ranges separated by the taphrogenic Medial basin, which trends southeastward from the mouth of the Bayano River to the Atrato River valley of northwestern Colombia. Within the Medial basin, most of the clearly exposed surface structures are not particularly attractive petroleum prospects because prime reservoir strata have been stripped from their crests. However, several large geomorphic anomalies which have been mapped in the Medial basin may be reflections of subsurface structures having a complete stratigraphic ection. Possibilities for gravity-type hydrocarbon accumulations in fractured organic shales, siltstones, and carbonate rocks are suggested within several synclinal elements along the axis of the Medial basin. The southwestward extension of the Medial basin trend, coincident with the western Gulf of Panama, may have potential as a future petroleum-producing province. A relatively thick marine stratigraphic section should be present here, with associated paralic and deltaic clastic rocks derived from acidic San Blas terrace since mid-Miocene time. The occurrence of active shell bars in the Bay of San Miguel and present reef trends on the northern Caribbean coast suggest possible offshore sites for geophysical surveying.
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The coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) in northeastern Alaska has the potential for major petroleum accumulations. This area has many anticlinal structures, good oil-prone source rocks, and oil seeps and other surface indications of oil. The thickness and extent of reservoirs, however, are problematic, which places a wide range on estimated petroleum resources. In this remote area, resources must be very large to be economic. Sedimentary rocks in the area range in age from Precambrian through Cenozoic and aggregate more than 20,000 ft in thickness. Post-Devonian strata generally are considered prospective for petroleum. In addition, underlying Precambrian to Devonian carbonate rocks, which are locally present in the Brooks Range to the south and in a few boreholes west of ANWR, are potential reservoirs in areas where they could be charged by overlying source rocks. The Mississippian through lowermost Cretaceous section consists of shelf carbonate rocks and shallow-marine and nonmarine sandstone and shale that were deposited along a slowly subsiding, south-facing continental margin bordering a northern (present-day orientation) land area. Known as the Ellesmerian sequence, these rocks are about 3,500 ft thick along the mountain front. The major reservoir rocks that are oil productive at Prudhoe Baymore » 75 mi to the west occur in this sequence. Early Cretaceous erosion related to Canada basin rifting, however, has removed much of this sequence in parts of the ANWR coastal plain. The overlying Brookian sequence, derived from an orogenic southern provenance, consists of at least 13,000 ft of Lower Cretaceous through Tertiary, northeasterly and northerly prograding basin, slope, and deltaic deposits. Excellent oil-prone source rocks occur at the base of this sequence, and overlying turbidites are potential reservoirs.« less
Wildlife refuge
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Lithology
Geological survey
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Marine transgression
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That part of California east of the San Andreas rift and east of the western edge of the Sierra Nevada has been consistently ignored as a possible future oil province. Nevertheless, the subdivision of the region north of the Garlock fault and east of the Sierra Nevada is worthy of some attention by petroleum geologists. About 40,000 feet of sediments in the region range in age from pre-Cambrian to Quaternary, with most periods represented. Structural deformation is generally complex, but regional metamorphism is lacking. An oil seep is known from Paoha Island in Mono Lake. In general, geologic conditions are similar to those in northeastern Nevada where there is currently an active exploratory program. The principal factors which would assist exploration in this region are the concepts of discovery-thinking prevalent among geologists in the Mid-Continent and in the Rocky Mountains. Carbonate rocks may be source beds and also reservoirs; the general regional geology concerns features of basins superimposed upon geosynclines; lateral continuity is prevalent; saturated zones may be thin; structural deformation largely concerns competent strata. End_of_Article - Last_Page 2385------------
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Quaternary deposits represent vital economic and environmental resources in the UAE and are used in the different construction industry such road paving, building and dams. These deposits are also significant agricultural ground and groundwater aquifers and provide space for landfills and waste disposal. Quaternary deposits in the UAE include a wide range of lithological and textural variation ranging from Wadi and alluvial fan to sand dunes and to the inland sabkha and coastal carbonates. We present here textural and mineralogical characteristics of the Quaternary alluvium deposits that occupy large areas in the northeastern part of the United Arab Emirates. Two Wadies were targeted here as they contain also relatively thick (reaching up to 50m) alluvium deposits and extend over a relatively long distance (Fig. 1). These include Wadi Ham which is about 30km long and is located in the eastern part between Masafi and Al Fujairah and Wadi Al Bih which extends about 10km and is located in Ras Al Khaimah.
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The state of South Dakota has within its borders parts of large sedimentary basins containing proven reserves of oil and gas. Within these basins, other large areas are essentially unexplored for hydrocarbons. In addition, some areas that have drawn interest from explorationists are difficult to lump into known geologic provinces. The state's major oil- and gas-producing region lies in the northwest in the Williston basin. The geology of this region follows closely the flat or pancake sedimentary features of the rest of the basin. Exploration centers chiefly on rocks of Paleozoic age. Drilling in this established area continues at a steady pace and, until recently, Harding County accounted for the majority of the state's drilling permits. The new leading area for drilling activity is the southwest corner of the state, an area that forms the southern flank of the Black Hills uplift. Most of the wells drilled here are wildcats and the plays center on a paleo sand-dune system that underlies the area and on structurally related features associated with the Black Hills uplift. Recent discoveries in Fall River County have confirmed the potential of the region to rival the northwest in production of oil. The vast area east ofmore » the Black Hills uplift has over the years generated interest. Much of this area, sits on the fence, between structural basins and is largely poorly understood and relatively unexplored.« less
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Research Article| November 01, 1985 Geology of Montreal, Province of Quebec, Canada LUC BOYER; LUC BOYER Editor Specialist Consultant, 333 Riverside Drive, #702, Saint-Lambert, (Qué.) Canada J4P 1A9 *Present address: Deltri Experts-conseils Ltée, 450 Ste-Foy, Longueuil, (Qué.) Canada J4J 1Y1 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar AIME BENSOUSSAN; AIME BENSOUSSAN Solroc Consultants Inc., 7730 TransCanada Highway, Saint-Laurent, (Qué.) Canada H4T 1A5 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar MARC DURAND; MARC DURAND Department of Earth Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Station A, Montréal, (Qué.) Canada H3C 3P8 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar R. HUGH GRICE; R. HUGH GRICE Department of Geological Sciences, McGill University, 3450 University St., Montréal, (Qué.) Canada H3A 2A7 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar JEAN BERARD JEAN BERARD Ecole Poly technique, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6079, Station A, Montréal, (Qué.) Canada H3C 3A7 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (1985) xxii (4): 329–394. https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.xxii.4.329 Article history first online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation LUC BOYER, AIME BENSOUSSAN, MARC DURAND, R. HUGH GRICE, JEAN BERARD; Geology of Montreal, Province of Quebec, Canada. Environmental & Engineering Geoscience 1985;; xxii (4): 329–394. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.xxii.4.329 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyEnvironmental & Engineering Geoscience Search Advanced Search Abstract Situated on an island at the confluence of the St. Lawrence and Ottawa rivers in the Province of Quebec, Montreal has been a gateway to western exploration and commercial development ever since its discovery in 1535 and its founding as Ville-Marie in 1642. Nowadays, it is still a major Canadian transportation centre. The area lies within the St. Lawrence Lowlands, between the Precambrian Shield to the northwest and the Appalachians to the east, and is underlain by slightly deformed and faulted sandstone, carbonate rocks and shales of Cambro-Ordovician age. Mount Royal, the large hill from which the city takes its name, is one of a series of Mesozoic plutons that intruded the sedimentary rocks. Surficial deposits are of Wisconsin age or younger, and include tills, interstadial silts and sands, marine clay, marine and estuarine beach materials and recent peat deposits.There are no significant geological constraints to development in the area. Overburden materials present designers with a range of foundation conditions in terms of bearing capacity, settlement and the control of excavation stability but most major constructions are founded on rock. Investigation and design techniques combine the latest in both European and American practice but remain conventional. Environmental concerns related to the geology proper are not very significant. The seismicity of the area is relatively high. Montreal is near the centre of a broad zone, classified as No. 2 on the 0 (most stable) to 3 Canadian system, that covers most of southern Quebec.The bedrock formations have historically furnished the city with a cheap and abundant source of building materials and the presence of rock close to surface has led to the extensive use of rock tunnels for water supply, trunk sewers and for the "Metro" subway and stations into Montreal's "under-ground city" that provides a haven in winter for downtown workers and shoppers.Montreal hosts a large and active geotechnical community, becoming increasingly more involved in all local development projects. The paper is presented in SI units, now used exclusively in Canada. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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