Microbial risk reduction of withholding periods during public open space irrigation with recycled water
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Abstract:
Treated effluent is increasingly being used to irrigate municipal green spaces such as sporting ovals, but the potential risks to human health from faecal-oral pathogens present in the effluent have remained largely unreported. This is the first reported study where a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) was performed to evaluate the effect of varying withholding periods in terms of pathogen inactivation credits to risks to human health from sporting ovals irrigated with secondary treated effluent. The calculations on pathogen removal rates in this study suggest that a mean 0.7 log removal for bacteria and 0.4 log for viral pathogens could be achieved over a 4 hour period.Keywords:
Human pathogen