First report of oribatid mite (arthropod) borings and coprolites in Permian woods from the Helan Mountains of northern China
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Keywords:
Arthropod
Tetrapod (structure)
Paleobotany
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Tetrapod footprints have long been known from Permian outcrops of the Cheguimi Sandstone in southern Tunisia, but never described in detail. The only recovered specimen preserves vertebrate tracks of two different biospecies. Ichnomorphotype 1 shows affinity with mid-Permian tetrapod tracks from France (Merifontichnus Gand et al., 2000) and South Africa (unnamed tracks); ichnomorphotype 2 is most similar to Middle to Late Permian tracks of France (Planipes Gand et al., 1995) and Italy (Dicynodontipus Rühle von Lilienstern, 1944), respectively. Both kinds of the Tunisian tetrapod tracks can be referred to non-mammalian therapsid trackmakers. The ichnoassemblage is in agreement with the supposed late Middle to early Late Permian (∼Capitanian to Wuchiapingian) age of the Cheguimi Sandstone, although additional finds are necessary to obtain a more precise age control.
Tetrapod (structure)
Outcrop
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Clockwise
Red beds
Apparent polar wander
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Tetrapod (structure)
Sequence (biology)
Early Triassic
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The Torre del Porticciolo palaeontological locality (Alghero, north‐west Sardinia, Italy) is important for having provided the skeletal remains of the first Permian basal synapsid from Italy, Alierasaurus ronchii , the largest late early Permian to early middle Permian non‐therapsid synapsid known to date. Recently, other skeletal remains preliminarily attributed to a carnivorous non‐therapsid synapsid were described from a second site, approximately from the same stratigraphic level within the Cala del Vino Fm. During the excavation of this second site, tetrapod tracks were found near Cala Viola, about 1 km from the first two sites. The new find represents the first ichnological record from the Permian of Sardinia. The ichnological analysis allowed the recognition of tetrapods presently not recognized, just on the base of skeletal remains. This new evidence sheds more light on the faunal diversity within the Cala del Vino Fm., which is one of the few examples in the Permian of Europe of a combined ichno‐ and body‐fossil record. The tracks have been referred to as Merifontichnus , an ichnotaxon established from the uppermost portion of the Permian succession of the Lodève Basin in southern France. The new material is the first reliable occurrence of this ichnotaxon from Italy and would represent, to date, the oldest occurrence of the ichnogenus.
Tetrapod (structure)
Taphonomy
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Summary The Palaeozoic rocks of Hydra consist of a sequence of limestones and dolomites with some interbeds of shales and sandstones. Fusulinid foraminifera indicate the sequence is entirely Permian in age and not Carboniferous and Permian as previously thought.
Lernaean Hydra
Sequence (biology)
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In Spain, the superficial part of the Hercynian basement, under the Permo-triassic cover, appears in two quite different ways : - when the Paleozoic basement is directly covered by the Buntsandstein sandstones, it is altered and rubefied on one or some ten meters of thickness ; - when the Paleozoic basement is covered by the Permian detrital formations, it is not altered. Therefore, a comparative study of clay minerals was performed in the Paleozoic basement and in its altered fades, as well as in the Permian and Triassic sediments.
Basement
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Tetrapod (structure)
Red beds
Type locality
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Because of the poor preservation of the available material, Warthia species collected from fine-grained Carboniferous-Permian sandstones at Taio (Santa Catarina) cannot be identified with any of the Warthia species described from North America or from Australia. The occurrence of Warthia in the Permian of Brazil is not questioned since it is common in the Permian in both North America and Australia.
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