Response of vegetation to rising carbon dioxide: Photosynthesis, biomass, and seed yield of soybean
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Abstract:
Elevated carbon dioxide throughout the lifespan of soybean causes an increase in photosynthesis, biomass, and seed yield. A rectangular hyperbola model predicts a 32% increase in soybean seed yield with a doubling of carbon dioxide from 315 to 630 ppm and shows that yields may have increased by 13% from about 1800 A.D. to the present due to global carbon dioxide increases. Several other sets of data indicate that photosynthetic and growth response to rising carbon dioxide of many species, including woody plants, is similar to that of soybean. Calculations suggest that enough carbon could be sequestered annually from increased photosynthesis and biomass production due to the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide from 315 ppm in 1958 to about 345 ppm in 1986 to reduce the impact of deforestation in the tropics on the putative current flux of carbon from the biosphere to the atmosphere.Keywords:
Carbon respiration
Carbon fibers
As a primary part of global change,the rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide is bound to changes of structure and functions of terrestrial ecosystems,and then affects the indicators of soil quality.According to large numbers of reference research,the authors analyzed the changes of the indicators of soil quality such as soil nutrient,carbon and nitrogen cycle,soil organic matter and enzyme activities under the condition of rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide.The results showed that the effects of rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide on soil quality are very complex.At the same time,the changes of soil quality react on the atmosphere,and then lead to new effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide on soil quality.As a result,the study of effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide on soil quality should be extended to the range of ecosystem,and guide the human activities.
Carbon respiration
Atmospheric carbon cycle
Soil carbon
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An attempt was made to statistically explain the yearly increased rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide accumulation by means of the yearly emissions of anthropogenic carbon dioxide and the global mean temperature using data from the period 1980–2007. It is commonly assumed (e.g. by the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; IPCC) that a part of the emitted carbon dioxide will stay in the atmosphere and, therefore, large emission rate of carbon dioxide should cause large increase rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide. High temperature should also increase the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration due to lowered solubility of carbon dioxide in the backmixed ocean surface water. However, using two-dimensional regression analysis, the increase rate could not be explained by the emissions because temperature was the dominating parameter that controlled the increase rate. The fraction of the emissions that remained in the atmosphere—or the airborne fraction—decreased significantly despite global warming. This may be explained by increased diffusion or sink flow to the biosphere and the oceans due to increased atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide.
Atmospheric carbon cycle
Carbon respiration
Carbon sink
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