Weathering of alnoite in Manheim, New York
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Introduction The importance of rock weathering is equally great, whether viewed from the purely scientific or from the economic standpoint. As the initial step in the processes of subaerial denudation and subsequent deposition and in other relations, weathering demands the most serious consideration of geologists ; while for a rational study of soils and of building stones, as well as for a thorough understanding of the conditions presented in the superficial portions of ore deposits, a knowledge of the principles of weathering is indispensable. This is exemplified by, to cite only a few instances, such papers as those of Pumpelly,* Reade,† Chamberlin and Salisbury,‡ and Russell.§ on the one hand, and of Shaler,* Hilgard,† and Penrose,‡ on the other. A decided impetus has recently been given to the study of weathering in general, both as to the processes involved and the results attained, by Dr G. P. Merrill’s admirable series . . .Though there have been controversies concerning relationships among weathering rate and tectonic and climatic change, it is commonly recognized that chemical weathering of silicate minerals plays a substantial role in regulating the partial pressure of atmospheric carbon dioxide and thus in maintaining global surface climatic stability over the geological timescale. How to understand the constraints on chemical weathering of silicate minerals remains a major challenge, especially when any single climatic factors have been proved hard to interpret the long-term silicate weathering rate. Based on the compilation of chemical weathering rates of silicate minerals and physical erosion rates in different settings, this study shows that weathering rates and tectonic and climatic changes on different spatial and temporal scales have coupling or even conflicting relationships. Such results suggest that the silicate weathering rates cannot be explained in terms of merely a single process, and that the explanation requires a consideration of multiple factors. Although influence of tectonic uplift is suggested to serve as an important role on the change of silicate weathering, it may be cursory to link various changes on the Earth's surface in the Late Cenozoic to the stepwise uplift of the main orogenic belts, especially of the Himalayan—Tibetan orogen. In different settings, tectonic and climatic constraints on silicate weathering are not necessarily incompatible, especially on time scales of a few million years. Thus, the hypothesis proposed for “tectonic uplift—chemical weathering—climatic changes” is faced with a new challenge.
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Soil production function
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Soil production function
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Weathering is a part of geomorphic processes leading to the disintegration and decomposition of rocks and minerals on the earth’s surface as a result of physical and chemical action that leads to the formation of soil being a most vital natural resource of rock weathering. Development of soils in an environment enhances plants dependence on it for growth, and man depends directly or indirectly on plants for food, thus the functions of soil as a fundamental interface, providing an excellent example of the integration among many parts of the earth system. Hence, geomorphology research being based on processes of the earth’s surfacing that result into most of the physical features seen on the face of the earth.
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Carbon fibers
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Research Article| August 01, 2019 The Central Role of Weathering in the Geosciences Patrick J. Frings; Patrick J. Frings Earth Surface Geochemistry, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, GermanyDepartment of Geosciences, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Frescativägen 40, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden E-mail: patrick.frings@gfz-potsdam.de Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Heather L. Buss Heather L. Buss School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Clifton, BS8 1RJ Bristol, United Kingdom E-mail: H.Buss@bristol.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Elements (2019) 15 (4): 229–234. https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.15.4.229 Article history first online: 29 Jul 2019 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Patrick J. Frings, Heather L. Buss; The Central Role of Weathering in the Geosciences. Elements 2019;; 15 (4): 229–234. doi: https://doi.org/10.2138/gselements.15.4.229 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyElements Search Advanced Search Weathering is the chemical and physical alteration of rock at the surface of the Earth, but its importance is felt well beyond the rock itself. The repercussions of weathering echo throughout the Earth sciences, from ecology to climatology, from geomorphology to geochemistry. This article outlines how weathering interacts with various geoscience disciplines across a huge range of scales, both spatial and temporal. It traces the evolution of scientific thinking about weathering and man's impact on weathering itself—for better and for worse. Future computational, conceptual and methodological advances are set to cement weathering's status as a central process in the Earth sciences. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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Outcrop
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Regolith dating clearly shows that most of the weathering profiles found on the Australian continent have existed since the Tertiary. This is a fundamental problem for determining and understanding the processes that may have contributed to weathering profile formation because it introduces the possibility that the profiles being studied are fossils, preserved remnants of once more active systems. Even in tropical climates, which have long been advocated as the environments most likely to be responsible for 'laterite' formation, the possible antiquity of the weathering profiles (e.g. Twidale 1994, Nott 1994 and Dammer et al. 1996) could make it difficult to distinguish between what are products of current weathering processes and what are products of weathering that has occurred in the past.
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This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction What makes arid environments unusual in terms of weathering systems? Theoretical underpinnings of weathering systems research Current weathering study methods Linking processes to form in arid weathering systems Explaining the development of weathering landforms in arid environments Weathering rates in arid environments Arid weathering and landscape evolution Scale and arid weathering systems Acknowledgement References
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