Osmian hollingworthite and rhodian cobaltite-gersdorffite from the Lukkulaisvaara layered intrusion, Russian Karelia
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Cobaltite
Layered intrusion
The Trompsburg Complex is a roughly circular intrusion, with a diameter of almost 50 km, that forms a suboutcrop at a depth of approximately 450m near the town of Trompsburg in the Free State Province. Granitic rocks are present near the centre of the intrusion, but the greater part of the Complex consists of layered basic igneous rocks ranging from magnetites to gabbros, anorthosites and basic pegmatoids. The Complex was intruded into dolomites of probable Transvaal age and is unconformably overlain by Karoo sediments (Ortlepp, 1959).
Layered intrusion
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Large-scale layered intrusions of a peridotite–pyroxenite–gabbronorite complex, to which Cr, Ni, Cu, and PGE deposits and ore occurrences are confined, were emplaced into the Baltic paleocontinent 2.50–2.45 Ga. Layered intrusions in the Monchegorsk Ore District, including the Monchepluton and Imandra–Umbarechka Complex, as well as the gabbro-anorthosite complex of the Main Ridge, were analyzed earlier geochemically and isotopically. In the present paper, the authors analyze layered intrusions in the Kola region (Mount Generalskaya) and Karelia (Kivakka, Kovdozero, and the Burakovsky Pluton). The primary composition of mantle magmas for the layered intrusions is assumed to be identical to that of the komatiitic basalts making up the volcanogenic units of the Vetreny Belt and the Imandra–Varzuga zone. A general model for the formation of layered intrusions includes superplume uplift in the early Paleoproterozoic, the generation of mantle magmas and their injection into the lower portion of the earth crust, the formation of deep-seated and intermediate magma chambers, and the intense contamination of the granulite–metamorphic complex followed by the generation of magma chambers provoked by single or multiple injections.
Anorthosite
Layered intrusion
Peridotite
Magma chamber
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Summary Four vertical holes drilled into the olivine cumulates of the Jimberlana Intrusion all show a decrease in serpentinization with depth, suggesting that serpentinization can be a low temperature, present-day process.
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Abstract Ewarara is a small layered ultramafic intrusion which forms part of the Giles Complex. The flat‐lying body displays both sub‐horizontal and vertical layering, which appear to have different origins. Petrographically the intrusion consists of a lower olivine bronzitite unit and an upper pyroxenite unit. These display a small cryptic variation with the upper layer being the more iron‐rich. Many of the primary igneous textures have been destroyed by deformational effects but the intrusion retains many features of a body formed by gravity accumulation of crystals precipitating from a magma. Crystallisation of the magma is believed to have occurred near the base of the crust.
Layering
Layered intrusion
Ultramafic rock
Magma chamber
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Chromitite
Chromite
Dharwar Craton
Ultramafic rock
Layered intrusion
Peridotite
Greenstone belt
Phlogopite
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Layered intrusion
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The Muskox Layered Intrusion is a large Proterozoic (~1270 Ma) differentiated and layered mafic-ultramafic intrusion, which together with its underlying feeder dyke is exposed over a north-south distance of roughly 65 km (Fig. 1). It attains a maximum width of about 10 km at the north end and a thickness of about 2500 m.
Layered intrusion
Ultramafic rock
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