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    With the combination of gradient analysis and quantitative analysis of landscape pattern,and by changing the transect width and research step,the extent effect of landscape gradient analysis of an urban-rural transect were studied.The results showed that the landscape gradient analysis of the urban-rural transect was scale-dependent,and the effect of transect width was greater than that of research step.Research step mainly affected the fluctuation degree of each landscape index along transect,and it was appropriate for the transect to be divided equally into 20 samples.There existed critical values for transect width.When the transect width was beyond the values,the fluctuation trend of each index along transect would be varied.Furthermore,different landscape metrics responded differently to the same transect.The percent coverage and edge density of each class,as well as the Shannon's diversity index of landscape,showed significant gradient characteristics,while patch density and mean patch fractal dimension were in adverse.
    Belt transect
    Diversity index
    Citations (4)
    To understand the pattern of sedimentation rates as fundamental physical parameter of coastal environment, the 210Pb dating method was applied to core samples collected from Kagoshima Bay, Southwestern Japan. The sedimentation rate varied at each location within the bay (0.08–0.30 g·cm−2·y−1), and the rate at the bay-head area was less than that at the centre of the bay. The inventory of ex210Pb has a lower value in the bay-head area. The low ex210Pb inventory at Stn.5' is considered to be due to physical, and chemical conditions in the bay-head area.
    Sedimentation
    This chapter looks into the conditions in the deeper seabed. It explains that dredges of the deep sea by remote sampling cannot give a complete picture of seafloor biology. Despite the poor food conditions, the deep sea consiss of the vicinity of the continental slope, and continental rise has more soft-bottom species than corresponding environments on the inner continental shelf. Due to the pressure in the deep sea, enzymes of deep-sea fishes are structurally far more stable than those of shallow-water species. The chapter notes that cell membranes taken from deep-water fish species are designed to remain fluid at pressures much higher than membranes from shallow-water species.
    Seabed
    Benthos
    Seafloor Spreading
    Continental Margin