Use of remote sensing for hydrological parameterisation of Alpine catchments
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Abstract:
Abstract. Physically-based water balance models require a realistic parameterisation of land surface characteristics of a catchment. Alpine areas are very complex with strong topographically-induced gradients of environmental conditions, which makes the hydrological parameterisation of Alpine catchments difficult. Within a few kilometres the water balance of a region (mountain peak or valley) can differ completely. Hence, remote sensing is invaluable for retrieving hydrologically relevant land surface parameters. The assimilation of the retrieved information into the water balance model PROMET is demonstrated for the Toce basin in Piemonte/Northern Italy. In addition to land use, albedos and leaf area indices were derived from LANDSAT-TM imagery. Runoff, modelled by a water balance approach, agreed well with observations without calibration of the hydrological model. Keywords: PROMET, fuzzy logic based land use classification, albedo, leaf area indexKeywords:
Water balance
Albedo (alchemy)
Runoff pollution have become a serious issue in terms of water pollution in porous areas, especially in urban backfilled soil. The transport and distribution of runoff water and nutrients in the surface runoff and the subsurface runoff of backfilled soil runoff systems are determined using simulated rainfall and the results indicate that the flow patterns of runoff are different from those of surface runoff and subsurface runoff. The rate of surface runoff flow increases in the beginning and reaches a stable state with a delay of 10 min to rainfall, while the flow rate of subsurface runoff is consistent during the whole runoff period. Most of the pollutants (90% of total suspended solids, 88% of total phosphorus, and 78% of total nitrogen) are carried in the surface runoff, which directly results in polluting the surface‐receiving water. The results of the present study will provide information related to the management of runoff pollution in the backfilled soil runoff system.
Subsurface Flow
First flush
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