Geodiversity as an explanation for biodiversity in the Burren National Park
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Over the last decades, Costa Rica became established as a world-leading ecotourism destination due to its environmental policies and environmental awareness. The country is located in a dynamic region where the combination of tectonics and volcanism, and tropical climate and vegetation have molded its landscapes. Our aim is to carry out a review of the geodiversity, geoconservation, and geotourism status in Costa Rica. We analyzed different geomorphic environments (volcanic, coastal, karstic, glacial, and fluvial), prospecting the importance of environmental policies and the Conservation Areas National System for the promotion of national geoheritage through geotourism. Our results are critical for the promotion of geosciences to the wider public throughout geotourism and conservation decision-makers. In dynamic, geomorphic, tropical, and developing countries with strong anthropic pressures over their geo- and biodiversity, geoheritage studies might be a priority for increasing their revenues through geotourism and reducing the pressure on their natural resources.
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The island area has well preserved geodiversity and biodiversity due to minimal exposure to humans. UNESCO has maintained things and sites with geological importance as geoheritage. Although a number of natural heritages and national parks exist on ‘geological’ bases, geodiversity concepts are less concerned about biodiversity due to a lack of recognition. Recently, geotourism linked to geodiversity has been activated in worldwide and geopark programs have been established in many countries. These precedents offer good chances for the use of geoheritage and preservation of geodiversity. Geopark programs can lead to the preservation of geodiversity and public geoeducation through tour of geosites. In particular, it is necessary to understand oceanic nature and culture including islands through geoeducation programs used by geodiversity of islands. Gwanmae Island is the first luxury village named by the Korea National Park Service. This study suggests plans of geotourism by geosites with noticeable geodiversity of the island.
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Integrating geodiversity into the planning system: An example from west Lothian, Scotland
H. Barron. S. Arkley & M. Browne
Bntish Geological Survey, Murchison House. West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA, Scotland, UK
Keywords: Geodiversity, protected sites, planning, Scotland
West Lothian's Carboniferous bedrock and superficial deposits display a variety of Earth heritage features set within a varied landscape. In the first project of its kind in Scotland, this local geodiversity was audited by the British Geological Survey (BGS) in partnership with West Lothian Council (WLC), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) and Borders RIGS Group (LaBRIGS).
The main objectives of the audit were to: initiate Scottish geodiversity auditing and action planning and act as a guide to further work in other areas of the country; allow incorporation of geodiversity into the development planning system along side and through integration with the Local Biodiversity Action Plan process, and; guide thee sustainable management, conservation and interpretation of all aspects of the Earth heritage of West Lothian.
A total of 51 sites were selected as West Lothian Geodiversity Sites (WLGS) to complement and expand the existing network of four nationally designated sites (SSSls) and five locally protected sites (RIGS).
Key benefits of protection and enhancement of local geodiversity include:
Enhancement of local biodiversity
Enhance understanding of historical, cultural and social significance of local earth resources
Recreation and green space provision and enhancement
Educational and scientific value
Potential economic development through tourism by linking geodiversity with cultural history, wildlife and archaeology
Together, BGS, WLC, SNH and LaBRIGS will set up Scotland's first LGAP partnership, implement the West Lothian LGAP, and produce geodiversity best-practice guidance for planners. For European Geoparks, a geodiversity audit is a very useful tool for Geopark development.
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Although Madagascar has long been recognized as a biodiversity hotspot for conservation, very little is yet known about its diverse endemic fossils and the original beauty of its geotopes. The richness and endemicity of geodiversity constitute nonrenewable natural resources, which deserve to be valorized and protected. Protection of natural heritage resources, aligned with geotourism, can provide a sustainable way for the population to rise out of poverty. The main purpose of this work is the instauration of Geopark, a long-term project in Madagascar National Parks to support geotourism and sustainable development. Given its outstanding landscape and its unique bio- and geo-diversity, we adopt Isalo Park as a pilot site, and suggest that this specific area is suitable for a Geopark. Following our field investigation, inventory and geodiversity assessments within the park are now underway, which will contribute to the implementation of Isalo Geopark.
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