Jiayi Pan

Chinese University of Hong Kong

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Yanzhen Gu

Zhejiang University

Yuwu Jiang

Xiamen University

Hui Lin

Jiangxi Normal University

Dongxiao Wang

Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)

David A. Jay

Portland State University

Zhaoyun Chen

Shantou University

Weiwen Wang

Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality

Wenfeng Lai

Shandong University

Jinglong Yao

Institute of Oceanology

Huabin Mao

South China Sea Institute Of Oceanology

Cooperative Institutions

Chinese University of Hong Kong

South China Sea Institute Of Oceanology

Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)

Institute of Oceanology

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Zhejiang University

Sun Yat-sen University

Zhejiang Ocean University

Jinan University

Zhejiang University of Technology

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Remote sensing observation and numerical modeling of an upwelling jet in Guangdong coastal water

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (2012)

Yanzhen Gu Jiayi Pan Hui Lin

An upwelling event that occurred in Guangdong coastal water on July 14–16, 2003 is observed by using satellite multisensor data including the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sea surface temperature (SST) and QuikSCAT ocean surface winds. Successive MODIS SST images reveal expansion process of a jet‐like upwelling cold water body in surface layer. The regional ocean model system (ROMS) is used to explore the upwelling dynamics. The modeling successfully reproduces the jet‐like shape of the surface upwelling water as well as the upwelling developing process. Analyses of modeling momentums reveal that the large offshore transport appeared on the west side of Honghai Bay as a result of high alongshore pressure gradient and nonlinear advections, and the enhanced horizontal advection also played an important role in developing the prominent upwelling in Honghai Bay. A numerical experiment is conducted to confirm that it was the wind driven upwelling rather than the wind‐induced vertical turbulent mixing that induced the surface cold water. Further numerical analyses suggest that strong internal tides occurred in Honghai Bay caused by the local bottom topography. The interaction between the upwelling and internal tides enhances the bottom water uplifting. The offshore expansion of the upwelling water is controlled by the cross‐shore topography slope: a gentle and offshore extended slope helps the bottom water climbing up to the surface in a wide range in cross‐shore direction, whereas a steep and narrow slope restricts the expansion of the upwelling water and confines the cold water in a narrow band along the shore.

Downwelling

10.1029/2012jc007922

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Citations (33)

Circulations in the Pearl River Estuary: Observation and Modeling

IntechOpen eBooks (2020)

Jiayi Pan Wenfeng Lai Adam T. Devlin

This chapter reports a cruise survey on the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and adjacent costal water in the period between May 3, 2014 and May 11, 2014.The circulation and salinity structure were sampled for different tidal phases.With the cruise data, a "sandwich" structure of the lateral salinity distribution and a two-layer structure of longitudinal circulation were identified, together with high variations influenced by wind and tide.Furthermore, longitudinally orientated convergence or divergence of the lateral velocity close to the channel location for certain tidal conditions was observed.The finite volume community ocean model (FVCOM) is configured and run with high spatial resolution of 100 m in the PRE.An atmospheric model, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model, is also run to provide high spatial and temporal resolution of atmospheric forcing for the FVCOM.The FVCOM modeling skill assessment is conducted using the cruise salinity and velocity data, as well as water levels, showing that the model can well simulate the velocity and salinity structures.The numerical model reveals that there is a strong neap-spring cycle for the PRE de-tided circulation with 0.37 m s À1 during the neap tide about 42% stronger than that (0.26 m s À1 ) during the spring tide in the surface layer.

10.5772/intechopen.91058

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Citations (7)

Far-reaching transport of Pearl River plume water by upwelling jet in the northeastern South China Sea

Journal of Marine Systems (2017)

Zhaoyun Chen Jiayi Pan Yuwu Jiang Hui Lin

Downwelling

10.1016/j.jmarsys.2017.04.008

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Citations (48)

Effects of the Pearl River plume on the vertical structure of coastal currents in the Northern South China Sea during summer 2008

Ocean Dynamics (2014)

Yeqiang Shu Ju Chen Jinglong Yao Jiayi Pan Weiwen Wang

Stratification (seeds)

Current meter

Sea breeze

Geostrophic current

10.1007/s10236-014-0779-5

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Citations (21)

Dynamic characteristics and horizontal transports of internal solitons generated at the Columbia River plume front

Continental Shelf Research (2008)

Jiayi Pan David A. Jay

Internal tide

10.1016/j.csr.2008.01.002

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Citations (41)

Asymmetry of Columbia River tidal plume fronts

Journal of Marine Systems (2009)

David A. Jay Jiayi Pan Philip Orton Alexander R. Horner‐Devine

Downwelling

Stratification (seeds)

Supercritical flow

Pycnocline

10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.11.015

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Citations (55)

Remote Sensing Studies of an Upwelling Jet in Guangdong Coastal Water

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing (2014)

Yanzhen Gu Jiayi Pan Peiliang Li

Summer upwelling is one of the most significant dynamic phenomena in the Guangdong coastal water, which transports bottom nutrients into the surface layer, facilities a high level of primary production in the offshore water, and plays an important role in the coastal ecosystem. In this study, we present detailed observations of an upwelling event that occurred in the Guangdong coastal water during July 14–16, 2003 using satellite multisensor data including the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sea surface temperature (SST), QuikSCAT winds. The successive MODIS SST images reveal that the upwelled water in the surface layer is in a jet-like wedge shape. A quantitative method is developed to estimate the upwelling vertical and horizontal velocities of the upwelled water from the MODIS successive SST images, which are in good agreement with the observations. Based on the coastline geometry in the area, we derive analytical solutions to the upwelling system, which explain well the dynamic of the upwelling jet by comparison of the analytical solutions with the cross-shore expansion velocities of the upwelled water.

Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer

10.1109/jstars.2014.2375317

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Citations (3)

Role of pulsed winds on detachment of low salinity water from the Pearl River Plume: Upwelling and mixing processes

Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans (2016)

Zhaoyun Chen Jiayi Pan Yuwu Jiang

Abstract The detachment of low salinity water (LSW) from the Pearl River plume occurs frequently as revealed by in situ observations and satellite images, and plays an important role in cross‐shore transport of the nutrient‐rich plume water. In this study, the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) is used to simulate the LSW detachment process forced by realistic and idealized winds, and to explore its dynamical mechanisms. Modeling results show that the LSW detachment appears under a pulsed southwesterly wind, while tidal mixing modifies the size and salinity of the detached LSW. Strong pulsed wind causes the LSW to separate from the plume and move offshore quickly after the detachment. Under a pulsed northeasterly wind, however, the plume without separation of the LSW moves shoreward, indicating that the LSW detachment is sensitive to wind direction. In the plume region, upwelling develops under the forcing of the pulsed southwesterly wind, which transports high salinity bottom water to the surface layer, while the shear mixing in the upper layer further enhances the surface buoyancy flux, leading to appearance of high salinity water in the surface layer off the Pearl River estuary mouth, cutting off the eastward‐spreading plume water, and resulting in the plume LSW detachment. Further analysis shows that the pulsed southwesterly wind induces positive local salinity change rate in the LSW detachment area. The pulsed upwelling‐favorable wind with duration of 2–5 days is responsible for the detachment process.

Temperature salinity diagrams

10.1002/2015jc011337

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Citations (36)

Cruise observation and numerical modeling of turbulent mixing in the Pearl River estuary in summer

Continental Shelf Research (2016)

Jiayi Pan Yanzhen Gu

10.1016/j.csr.2016.03.019

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Citations (25)

Observations and numerical modeling of the Pearl River plume in summer season

Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans (2014)

Jiayi Pan Yanzhen Gu Dongxiao Wang

A cruise survey of the Pearl River plume during southeasterly and southwesterly winds, two typical wind patterns in summer in Guangdong coastal waters, is reported and the cruise data are analyzed to unveil the plume dynamics. The Kelvin number is derived from the in situ data, revealing that the Pearl River plume exhibits two different scales in response to the two kinds of the wind forcing. Numerical model simulations based on the regional oceanic modeling system (ROMS) with nesting domains are implemented to explore details of the plume dynamics, validated by cruise observations and tidal gauge sea level data. Modeling results suggest that there is a subtidal, anticyclonic recirculation bulge on the west side out of the estuary mouth under southeasterly winds, showing a recirculating plume in the near-field. When the wind changes to the southwesterly, however, the recirculating plume vanishes. The distinct, supercritical tidal plume front occurs with southeasterly winds prevailing in spring tide due to the strong advection in the tidal plume. The tidal salt deficit flux can reach as high as 12.5% of the mean current flux, and illustrates the combined forcing of tide and wind. Key Points The paper clarifies the Pearl River plume anatomy under two typical winds Spring tide facilitates the supercritical Pearl River tidal plume front Tide determines tidal salt deficit flux strength; wind determines the direction

10.1002/2013jc009042

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Citations (84)