Constanze E. Weyhenmeyer

Syracuse University

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Sturt W. Manning

Cornell University

Ron Reimer

Queen's University Belfast

Bernd Kromer

Heidelberg University

R. Lawrence Edwards

University of Minnesota

J. van der Plicht

University of Groningen

J Warren Beck

University of Arizona

George S. Burr

National Taiwan University

Konrad A Hughen

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Stephen J. Burns

University of Divinity

Minze Stuiver

University of Washington

Cooperative Institutions

University of Arizona

Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique

University of Bern

New York University Press

University of California, Santa Cruz

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Queen's University Belfast

Heidelberg University

University of Sheffield

Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities

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Isotope study of moisture sources, recharge areas, and groundwater flow paths within the eastern Batinah coastal plain, Sultanate of Oman

Water Resources Research (2002)

Constanze E. Weyhenmeyer Stephen J. Burns H.N. Waber Phil G. Macumber Albert Matter

Oxygen and hydrogen isotope analyses of rainfall samples collected on the eastern Batinah coastal plain of northern Oman between 1995 and 1998 indicate two different principal water vapor sources for precipitation in the area: a northern, Mediterranean source and a southern, Indian Ocean source. As a result, two new local meteoric water lines were defined for the study area. Isotopic analyses of groundwater samples from over 200 springs and wells indicate that the main source of water to the Batinah coastal alluvial aquifer is high‐altitude rainfall from the adjacent Jabal Akhdar Mountains, originating from a combination of northern and southern moisture sources. The groundwater recharged at high‐altitude forms two plumes of water which is depleted in the heavy isotopes 18 O and 2 H and stretches from the mountains across the coastal plain to the sea, thereby retaining a chemical homogeneity horizontally and vertically down to a depth exceeding 300 m. In contrast, in areas adjacent to these two plumes the alluvial aquifer is geochemically stratified. Near the coast, saline intrusion results in abrupt changes in chloride concentrations and isotope values.

Coastal plain

Alluvial plain

Salt pan

10.1029/2000wr000149

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Citations (119)

Groundwater Evolution in an Arid Coastal Region of the Sultanate of Oman based on Geochemical and Isotopic Tracers

Water science and technology library (2002)

Constanze E. Weyhenmeyer

Coastal plain

Alluvial plain

Infiltration (HVAC)

Isotopic signature

Environmental isotopes

10.1007/978-94-010-0438-1_1

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Citations (7)

Long-term climate change recorded in sediments from Lake Tanganyika Tropical East Africa, over the past 90+ ka

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Supplement (2008)

Allison P. Burnett Constanze E. Weyhenmeyer Christopher A. Scholz

Source

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Holocene vegetation and climate records from Lake Sibaya, KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (2008)

Frank Neumann J. Curt Stager Louis Scott H.J.T. Venter Constanze E. Weyhenmeyer

Podocarpus

Loss on ignition

Swamp

Cyperaceae

10.1016/j.revpalbo.2008.04.006

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Citations (62)

New isotopic evidence for the origin of groundwater from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer in the Negev, Israel

Applied Geochemistry (2007)

Avner Vengosh Sharona Hening Jiwchar Ganor Bernhard Mayer Constanze E. Weyhenmeyer

10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.01.005

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Citations (76)

Methane emissions from beaver ponds: Rates, patterns, and transport mechanisms

Global Biogeochemical Cycles (1999)

Constanze E. Weyhenmeyer

Net methane fluxes as well as methane fluxes via gas bubbles and via molecular diffusion were measured separately at nine different sampling sites throughout a beaver pond located in the low boreal forest region of central Ontario, Canada. In 1990, the average daily methane emission rate was 37.2 ± 30.4 mg CH 4 m −2 d −1 , yielding a total annual methane efflux of 5.8 g CH 4 m −2 of which 1.1 g CH 4 m −2 were produced in the wintertime when the pond was ice covered. On average, 65% of the net methane flux was released via gas bubble emission, the remaining 35% via molecular diffusion. Gas bubble flux rates were highly variable in space and time, suggesting that low sampling frequencies, common in many methane emission studies, could introduce large uncertainties to the estimated annual flux rates for different wetland systems. The effects of changes in environmental variables on methane emissions were found to be strongly dependent on which transport mechanism dominated the release of methane from the sediments. While the gas bubble flux volume was mainly affected by changes in atmospheric pressure and sediment temperatures, the diffusive flux component was found to be more sensitive to changes in the pond water level. Overall, magnitudes of methane fluxes from this pond were similar to other beaver ponds and moderate to high when compared to other wetland types in the low boreal forest region.

Atmospheric methane

10.1029/1999gb900047

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Citations (47)

Marine04 Marine Radiocarbon Age Calibration, 0–26 Cal Kyr Bp

Radiocarbon (2004)

Konrad A Hughen Mike Baillie Édouard Bard J Warren Beck Chanda Bertrand

New radiocarbon calibration curves, IntCal04 and Marine04, have been constructed and internationally ratified to replace the terrestrial and marine components of IntCal98. The new calibration data sets extend an additional 2000 yr, from 0–26 cal kyr BP (Before Present, 0 cal BP = AD 1950), and provide much higher resolution, greater precision, and more detailed structure than IntCal98. For the Marine04 curve, dendrochronologically-dated tree-ring samples, converted with a box diffusion model to marine mixed-layer ages, cover the period from 0–10.5 cal kyr BP. Beyond 10.5 cal kyr BP, high-resolution marine data become available from foraminifera in varved sediments and U/Th-dated corals. The marine records are corrected with site-specific 14 C reservoir age information to provide a single global marine mixed-layer calibration from 10.5–26.0 cal kyr BP. A substantial enhancement relative to IntCal98 is the introduction of a random walk model, which takes into account the uncertainty in both the calendar age and the 14 C age to calculate the underlying calibration curve (Buck and Blackwell, this issue). The marine data sets and calibration curve for marine samples from the surface mixed layer (Marine04) are discussed here. The tree-ring data sets, sources of uncertainty, and regional offsets are presented in detail in a companion paper by Reimer et al. (this issue).

Varve

10.1017/s0033822200033002

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Citations (1,206)

Comment on “Radiocarbon calibration curve spanning 0 to 50,000 years BP based on paired 230Th/234U/238U and 14C dates on pristine corals” by R.G. Fairbanks et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (2005) 1781–1796)☆☆doi of original article: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.04.007 and “Extending the radiocarbon calibration beyond 26,000 years before present using fossil corals” by T.-C. Chiu et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews 24 (2005) 1797–1808)☆☆☆☆doi of original article: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.04.002

Quaternary Science Reviews (2006)

Paula Reimer Mike Baillie Édouard Bard J Warren Beck Paul G. Blackwell

Terrigenous sediment

10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.09.009

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Citations (40)

A late Holocene paleoclimatic history of Lake Tanganyika, East Africa

Quaternary Research (2009)

J. Curt Stager Christine Cocquyt Raymonde Bonnefille Constanze E. Weyhenmeyer Nicole Bowerman

Abstract A nearshore core (LT03-05) from the north basin of Lake Tanganyika provides diatom, pollen, and sedimentary time series covering the last ca. 3800 yr at 15–36 yr resolution. A chronology supported by 21 AMS dates on terrestrial and lacustrine materials allows us to account for ancient carbon effects on 14 C ages and to propose refinements of the region's climatic history. Conditions drier than those of today were followed after ca. 3.30 ka by an overall wetting trend. Several century-scale climate variations were superimposed upon that trend, with exceptionally rainy conditions occurring 1.70–1.40 ka, 1.15–0.90 ka, 0.70–0.55 ka, and 0.35–0.20 ka. Around 0.55–0.35 ka, during the Spörer sunspot minimum, drier conditions developed in the northern Tanganyika basin while more humid conditions were registered at Lakes Victoria and Naivasha. This indicates significant variability in the nature and distribution of near-equatorial rainfall anomalies during much of the Little Ice Age.

Chronology

Paleoclimatology

Stadial

10.1016/j.yqres.2009.04.003

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Citations (45)

Cool Glacial Temperatures and Changes in Moisture Source Recorded in Oman Groundwaters

Science (2000)

Constanze E. Weyhenmeyer Stephen J. Burns H.N. Waber Werner Aeschbach Rolf Kipfer

Concentrations of atmospheric noble gases (neon, argon, krypton, and xenon) dissolved in groundwaters from northern Oman indicate that the average ground temperature during the Late Pleistocene (15,000 to 24,000 years before present) was 6.5 degrees +/- 0.6 degrees C lower than that of today. Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic groundwater data show that the origin of atmospheric water vapor changed from a primarily southern, Indian Ocean source during the Late Pleistocene to a dominantly northern, Mediterranean source today. The reduced northern water vapor source is consistent with a drier Last Glacial Maximum through much of northern Africa and Arabia.

Noble gas

Krypton

Water source

10.1126/science.287.5454.842

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Citations (161)