H. F. Perkins

University of Georgia

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K. H. Tan

Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology

R. N. Gallaher

University of Florida

R. A. McCreery

University of Georgia

Joel Giddens

University of Georgia

Dennis Radcliffe

Hofstra University

B. W. Wood

Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory

M.R. Reddy

North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University

M.X. Joseph

Naval Physical & Oceanographic Laboratory

John Burgoyne

R. K. Hubbard

Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory

Cooperative Institutions

University of Georgia

Agricultural Research Service

United States Department of Agriculture

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station

Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory

Watkins College of Art Design and Film

Natural Resources Conservation Service

University of Florida

Southern Research Station

Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory

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Electron probe microanalysis of silicon in grass leaves

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis (1973)

R. N. Gallaher H. F. Perkins John C. Stormer W. M. Carlton

Abstract Silicon is a major constituent of grasses, therefore, research was initiated to evaluate the use of the paraffin technique for electron probe microanalysis of Si in grass leaf tissue. Mature healthy leaves of a tropical grass, Wilmington bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge), and a cool season grass, tall fescuegrass (Festuca arundinacea Schred), were selected for study. Paradermal sections (10 μ) of paraffin impregnated leaf tissue were placed on sheet carbon that had been attached with Haupt's adhesive to 2.5 cm glass discs. The grass sections were fixed to the sheet carbon with Haupt's adhesive and the paraffin removed with xylene prior to microanalysis. Silicon was found to be highly concentrated in the epidermis of fescuegrass and bahiagrass. Short cells, many containing opal bodies, had the highest contents of Si of the epidermal cells. Large quantities of Si was also present in guard cells but long cells contained relatively small amounts.

Paspalum notatum

Microanalysis

Festuca arundinacea

Electron probe microanalysis

Carbon fibers

10.1080/00103627309366419

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Citations (2)

CHARACTERIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF A HIGHLY WEATHERED SOIL OF THE SOUTHERN PIEDMONT

Soil Science (1971)

H. F. Perkins Shubham Tiwari K. H. Tan

Characterization

10.1097/00010694-197102000-00007

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Citations (2)

IN SITU HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY OF A FRAGIPAN SOIL IN THE SOUTHERN COASTAL PLAINS1

Soil Science (1978)

K.G. Prasad H. F. Perkins

More than 250,000 ha of soils having a fragipan or fragic properties occur in the Southern Coastal Plains Soil Province. These soils have moderate to severe land use restrictions, partially due to perched water, slow permeability, and restricted root growth. The Cowarts soil (Fragic Paleudults; fine-loamy, siliceous, thermic family), which is developed from marine sediments, was selected to determine in situ hydraulic conductivities and related hydrological properties. The moderately well-expressed fragipan has higher bulk density, less pore space, smaller pores, less available water, and lower hydraulic conductivity values than horizons above or below the pan. With an increase in hydraulic head, an increase in hydraulic conductivity was less in the fragipan than in associated horizons.

10.1097/00010694-197811000-00002

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CLASSIFICATION, COMPOSITION, AND MINERALOGY OF IRON GLAEBULES IN A SOUTHERN COASTAL PLAIN SOIL

Soil Science (1974)

R. N. Gallaher H. F. Perkins K. H. Tan

Iron glaebules occur extensively in tropical and subtropical soils, therefore, glaebules were collected from a plinthic soil (Plinthic Paleudults) of the Southern Coastal Plain of the United States for classification and to determine their chemical and mineral composition. Glaebules were classified into four categories. Data indicate that the order of formation is from glaebular haloes ← diffuse nodules ← normal and/or irregular nodules ← septaria. Plasma was found to be the active part in the alteration. Quartz was the primary skeletal grains of glaebules and its total content apparently changed very little among types. In the process of septaria formation glaebular haloes lose kaolinite, with further decreases in diffuse nodules and normal and/or irregular nodules. At least part of the loss in kaolinite is a destructive process (disilication) because gibbsite content increased as kaolinite decreased. In the process, goethite is converted to hematite as a result of dehydration. Glaebules in surface horizons appear to have been formed from and at one time were plinthitic material.

Gibbsite

Laterite

10.1097/00010694-197403000-00004

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Citations (14)

Characterization of soil-crop yield relations over a range of erosion on a landscape

Geoderma (1988)

R. R. Bruce A. W. White A. W. Thomas Willard M. Snyder G. W. Langdale

Growing season

Soil survey

Soil carbon

10.1016/0016-7061(88)90037-7

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Citations (9)

Fixation of Zinc by Clay Minerals

Soil Science Society of America Journal (1974)

M.R. Reddy H. F. Perkins

Abstract Samples of bentonite, illite, and kaolinite clays were studied for their Zn fixation properties under various pH levels, alternate wetting and drying conditions, and incubation at moisture saturation. Bentonite and illite fixed significant quantities of Zn under wetting and drying. Fixation was directly related to pH and the amount of Zn added. Incubation of treated samples at moisture saturation resulted in approximately half the amount of Zn fixed as when subjected to repeated wetting and drying. Kaolinite fixed relatively small amounts of Zn as compared to bentonite and illite regardless of treatment. Since X‐ray and DTA did not reveal mineralogical change, it is concluded that Zn was fixed as a result of precipitation, physical entrapment in clay lattice wedge zones, and/or strongly adsorbed at the exchange sites. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) values were inversely related to Zn fixation.

Illite

Bentonite

Cation-exchange capacity

Saturation (graph theory)

10.2136/sssaj1974.03615995003800020011x

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Citations (79)

A rapid method of evaluating the zinc status of coastal plain soils

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis (1970)

H. F. Perkins

Abstract A study was made to evaluate Zn removed by extraction with a 0.075 N acid mixture (0.05 N HCl + 0.025 N H2SO4). A ratio of soil to extracting solution of 1 to 4 and an extracting time of 15 minutes was selected. Data obtained by the method was significantly correlated with dithizone (0.01%) extraction. The method was found to be acceptable for evaluation of the Zn status of Southern Coastal Plain soils and easily adapted to routine use in soil testing. A significant correlation was obtained between extractable soil Zn and leaf blade content of Zn for Zn‐deficient and non‐deficient corn plants.

Dithizone

Soil test

Coastal plain

10.1080/00103627009366238

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Citations (33)

Influence of Molybdenum on Growth and Composition of Alfalfa and Distribution of Molybdenum in a Cecil‐Lloyd Soil

Soil Science Society of America Journal (1960)

Joel Giddens H. F. Perkins

Abstract Sodium molybdate was applied annually at a rate of 8 ounces per acre to alfalfa receiving 500 and 4000 pounds limestone. Beginning in the fall of the second year of growth, the low lime treatment plus molybdenum yield was about the same as the high lime treatment. After 3 years, alfalfa on the high lime treatment responded to molybdenum. Liming increased the molybdenum content of alfalfa in 1956 but did not consistently do so in 1959. The molybdenum content of alfalfa was not excessive after six applications. Molybdenum did not move downward in the Cecil‐Lloyd soil profile.

Sodium molybdate

10.2136/sssaj1960.03615995002400060023x

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Citations (12)

Morphology of Discontinuous Phase Plinthite and Criteria for its Field Identification in the Southeastern United States

Soil Science Society of America Journal (1978)

R. B. Daniels H. F. Perkins B. F. Hajek E. E. Gamble

Abstract Plinthite is defined in Soil Taxonomy as an iron‐rich material that hardens on repeated wetting and drying, especially when exposed to the sun. Many morphologically similar materials rich in iron oxides do not harden on repeated wetting and drying and are misidentified as plinthite. We propose that the following field‐tested criteria be used to distinguish plinthite from similar materials that will not harden and from material that has already irreversibly hardened. Plinthite has a color range from 10R to the 7.5 YR hues. It occurs as discrete bodies > 2 mm that can be separated from the matrix. It is firm when moist and hard to very hard when dry, yet it can be broken in the hands. A moist body of plinthite withstands moderate rolling between the thumb and forefinger, and either moist or air dry it will not slake when submerged in water even with periodic gentle agitation. Plinthite has platy and nodular forms. Platy plinthite bodies are red to yellowish red or strong brown about 1 cm thick and 2 to 4 cm long. They commmonly have a horizontal orientation. Nodular plinthite bodies have a similar color range but have an irregular to spherical shape. A horizon with about 10% platy plinthite will perch water. Horizons with nodular plinthite do not perch water, but the underlying reticulately mottled zone is a restrictive horizon that perches water. It is suggested that platy plinthite forms on level landscapes with a freely fluctuating water table. Nodular plinthite apparently forms on more sloping landscapes where lateral movement of water above a restrictive horizon is a contributing factor.

Platy

10.2136/sssaj1978.03615995004200060024x

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Citations (52)

NOTE A FIELD METHOD FOR VERIFYING PLINTHITE IN SOUTHERN COASTAL PLAIN SOILS

Soil Science (1976)

B. W. Wood H. F. Perkins

Laboratory analyses were conducted to evaluate a field method for identifying plinthite in southern Coastal Plain soils. Plinthite, which contains relatively large amounts of Fe in contrast to red mottles and light-colored soil matrixes with which it is associated, does not slake in water. Red mottles and other nonplinthic materials slake within a few seconds after being immersed in water.

Coastal plain

Colored

10.1097/00010694-197610000-00009

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Citations (20)