This paper completes the systematic description of all known lingulate brachiopods from the Ordovician Macquarie Volcanic Province in central New South Wales, including a new genus and species, 'Psygmakantha malachiensis' and the new species 'Acrosaccus scutatus, Apatobolus anoskelidion, Atansoria australis, Biernatia pseudoplana, Biernatia wrighti, Eoconulus puteus, Nushbiella kleithria and Scaphelasma quadratum'. The oldest lingulates documented are from latest Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) to early Upper Ordovician (Sandbian) limestones within the Fairbridge Volcanics, which yield 'Acrosaccus, Biernatia, Elliptoglossa, Ephippelasma' and 'Nushbiella'. Late Ordovician (Katian) lingulates described from the Fossil Hill Limestone (Benthic Assemblage 1-3) of the Cliefden Caves area include 'Acrosaccus, Plectoglossa and Pseudolingula'?. Slightly younger, outer shelf to upper slope (BA 4-5) high diversity lingulate faunas, comprising most of the new taxa described herein, occur in allochthonous limestone breccias of the Malongulli Formation, in the Downderry Limestone Member of the Ballingoole Limestone, and in limestones redeposited in the Barnby Hills Shale and other Silurian strata. These deeper water faunas are dominated by acrotretoids, including species of 'Conotreta, Ephippelasma, Hisingerella, Rhysotreta'?, 'Scaphelasma, Spondylotreta' and 'Undiferina'. Additional material of species previously described from graptolitic siltstones of the lower Malongulli Formation, including 'Elliptoglossa adela, Paterula malongulliensis and Hisingerella hetera', are figured by SEM photography for the first time. Biogeographic affinities of the lingulate faunas described here align most strongly with those from Kazakhstan, terranes along the perimeter of Laurentia, New Zealand, and to a lesser extent with South China.
Conodont faunas recovered from isolated limestone outcrops within the Barnby Hills Shale, between Larras Lee and Eurimbla, New South Wales, are shown to be of Late Silurian (eosteinhornensis Zone) age and are coeval with the lower sequence of the Camelford Limestone at Wellington. These isolated outcrops have been interpreted as having a tectonic origin due to their position adjacent to the Curra Creek Thrust and the age discrepancy between them and the surrounding Barnby Hills Shale sediments.
Additional collections of graptolites from the Barnby Hills Shale and new collections of graptolites from the Hanover Formation in the Lachlan Fold Belt of central western NSW are documented. The Late Silurian Hanover Formation is shown to range from the spineus Biozone (late Ludlow) to the parultimus Biozone (Pridol ). A fauna containing Monograptus ludensis is recorded from the Barnby Hills Shale, which is now known to range from the ludensis Biozone (late Wenlock) to the inexspectatus or kozlowskii Biozone (late Ludlow). New dendroid graptolite taxa described here include Dendrograptus typhlops sp. nov. from the Barnby Hills Shale and Dictyonema paululum hanoverense subsp. nov. from the Hanover Formation. Monograptus spineus, from the Hanover Formation, is reported for the first time outside Europe. The new data confirm that strata assigned to the cornutus and praecornutus biozones (late Ludlow) are widely distributed in central NSW, and confirm previous suggestions for a latest Ludlow sea level highstand followed by a shallowing.
Conodont data have been utilized to identify the Silurian/Devonian boundary within the Camelford Limestone near Wellington, NSW. Conodont faunas are documented from the eosteinhornensis Zone to early delta Zone with one new species of Walliserodus ( W. multistriatus ) and two new species of Ozarkodina ( O. brocki and O. camelfordensis ) described. An apparatus reconstruction of Belodella anomalis is also presented.
Allochthonous limestone blocks exposed in the Eurimbla area, west of the Mitchell Highway between Molong and Wellington, are substantially older than the enclosing Barnby Hills Shale of Late Silurian age. Nine of the blocks yielded a diverse Late Ordovician conodont fauna, dominated by Panderodus gracilis, Belodina confluens, Periodon grandis, Paroistodus? nowlani and Yaoxianognathus? tunguskaensis. Occurrence of Taoqupognathus blandus in seven sampled blocks indicates an early Eastonian (Ea2) age, although rare Taoqupognathus tumidus in one suggests an extension into the late Eastonian (Ea3). These age determinations are confirmed by the presence of a silicified brachiopod fauna with typical elements (predominantly Mabella halis and Doleroides mixticius) of the previously defined fauna B of Eastonian 2 age. The conodont and articulate brachiopod faunas from the Eurimbla blocks are comparable with those from autochthonous limestones of Eastonian age elsewhere in the Molong Volcanic Belt, in particular the Bowan Park Group, except for occurrence of the conodont Webbygnathus munusculum and brachiopod Sowerbyella billabongensis which, in the Lachlan Orogen, are otherwise known only from the Junee- Narromine Volcanic Belt to the west. The allochthonous blocks may have been subject to one or more episodes of erosion and redeposition, prior to final emplacement in the Barnby Hills Shale.
Abstract Two Early Devonian gastropod genera, Garraspira gen. nov. and Anoriostoma from the GarraLimestone, with sinistrally heterostrophic shells, share several shell features and are placed in the new tribe Anoriostomatini within the subfamily Agnesiinae. In contrast to the other members of the latter subfamily these genera represent a lineage in which the apertural slit was lost during evolution. This fact supports the opinion that the presence or absence of the apertural slit does not necessarily have significance for high-level taxonomy. Morphology of the gerontic whorl in Anoriostoma sinistra and Garraspira imtsitata suggests their limited mobility during the last ontogenetic stage. Key words: GastropodaPorcellioideasinistral heterostrophyNew South WalesAustraliaEarly Devonian.
Abstract Reworked conodonts, extracted from calc-lithic horizons within the Late Devonian Catombal Group, central western New South Wales, are identified as being derived from horizons correlated with the following Silurian zones: Kockelella amsdeni, Pterospathodus amorphognathoides, Distomodus staurognathoides and possibly Distomodus pseudopesavis and Distomodus combinatus. Several Ordovician elements were also recovered but only a broad Middle to Late Ordovician age can be determined. Comparisons of these faunas with those documented from the general region indicate a probable source from limestone sequences to the south, between Orange and Cowra. Keywords: ConodontsSilurianOrdovicianCatombal GroupLate DevonianNew South WalesAustralia
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