R. L. Haney

Agricultural Research Service

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Alan J. Franzluebbers

Agricultural Research Service

Frank M. Hons

Texas A&M University

D. A. Zuberer

Texas A&M University

L. R. Hossner

Texas A&M University

Elizabeth B. Haney

Texas A&M University

R. Daren Harmel

Agricultural Research Service

Steve Potter

Lakes Environmental (Canada)

Doug R. Smith

West Texas A&M University

Jeffrey G. Arnold

Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory

Harry H. Schomberg

Beltsville Agricultural Research Center

Cooperative Institutions

Texas A&M University

Agricultural Research Service

Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory

United States Department of Agriculture

Center for Agricultural Resources Research

University of Georgia

Mitchell Institute

Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory

Texas College

Natural Resources Conservation Service

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Vegetated treatment area (VTAs) efficiencies for E. coli and nutrient removal on small-scale swine operations

International Soil and Water Conservation Research (2018)

R. Daren Harmel Rehanon Pampell Terry J. Gentry Doug R. Smith Chad Hajda

As small-scale animal feeding operations work to manage their byproducts and avoid regulation, they need practical, cost-effective methods to reduce environmental impact. One such option is using vegetative treatment areas (VTAs) with perennial grasses to treat runoff; however, research is limited on VTA effectiveness as a waste management alternative for smaller operations. This study evaluated the efficiencies of VTAs in reducing bacteria and nutrient runoff from small-scale swine operations in three counties in Central Texas. Based on 4 yr of runoff data, the Bell and Brazos VTAs significantly reduced loads and concentrations of E. coli and nutrients (except NO3-N) and had treatment efficiencies of 73–94%. Most notably, the Bell VTA reduced loads of E. coli, NH4-N, PO4-P, total N, and total P similar to that of the background (control). In spite of significant reductions, runoff from the Brazos VTA had higher concentrations and loads than the control site, especially following installation of concrete pens and increased pen washing, which produced standing water and increased E. coli and nutrient influx. The Robertson VTA produced fewer significant reductions and had lower treatment efficiencies (29–69%); however, E. coli and nutrient concentrations and loads leaving this VTA were much lower than observed at the Bell and Brazos County sites due to alternative solids management and enclosed pens. Based on these results and previous research, VTAs can be practical, effective waste management alternatives for reducing nutrient and bacteria losses from small-scale animal operations, but only if properly designed and managed.

Nutrient Management

10.1016/j.iswcr.2018.02.002

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Citations (10)

Climatic influences on active fractions of soil organic matter

Soil Biology and Biochemistry (2001)

Alan J. Franzluebbers R. L. Haney C. Wayne Honeycutt Muhammad Arshad Harry H. Schomberg

10.1016/s0038-0717(01)00016-5

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Citations (190)

Active fractions of organic matter in soils with different texture

Soil Biology and Biochemistry (1996)

Alan J. Franzluebbers R. L. Haney Frank M. Hons D. A. Zuberer

Soil texture

Soil carbon

Texture (cosmology)

10.1016/s0038-0717(96)00143-5

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Citations (187)

Molar concentration of K2SO4 and soil pH affect estimation of extractable C with chloroform fumigation–extraction

Soil Biology and Biochemistry (2001)

R. L. Haney Alan J. Franzluebbers Frank M. Hons L. R. Hossner D. A. Zuberer

Distilled water

Molar concentration

10.1016/s0038-0717(01)00065-7

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Citations (67)

COMPILATION OF MEASURED NUTRIENT LOAD DATA FOR AGRICULTURAL LAND USES IN THE UNITED STATES¹

JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association (2006)

Daren Harmel Steve Potter Pamela Casebolt Ken Reckhow Colleen Green

ABSTRACT: Measured field scale data are increasingly used to guide policy and management decisions based on comparative pollutant load information from various land management alternatives. The primary objective of this study was to compile measured annual nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) load data representing field scale transport from agricultural land uses. This effort expanded previous work that established an initial nutrient export coefficient dataset. Only measured annual N and P load data published in scientific peer‐reviewed studies were included in the present compilation. Additional criteria for inclusion were: spatial scale (field scale or farm scale, minimum 0.009 ha); land use (homogeneous, either cultivated agriculture or pasture/rangeland/hay); natural rainfall (not rainfall simulation); and temporal scale (minimum one year). Annual N and P load data were obtained from 40 publications, resulting in a 163‐record database with more than 1,100 watershed years of data. Basic descriptive statistics in relation to N and P loads were tabulated for tillage management, conservation practices, fertilizer application, soil texture, watershed size, and land use (crop type). The resulting Measured Annual Nutrient loads from A Circumlittoral Environments (MANAGE) database provides readily accessible, easily queried watershed characteristic and nutrient load data and establishes a platform suitable for input of additional project specific data.

Nutrient Management

Agricultural land

10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb05292.x

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Citations (84)

Estimating Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Mineralization from Short‐Term Carbon Dioxide Respiration

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis (2008)

R. L. Haney William F. Brinton Eric J. Evans

The measurement of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) respiration is a means to gauge biological soil fertility. Test methods for respiration employed in the laboratory vary somewhat, and to date the equipment and labor required have limited more widespread adoption of such methodologies. A new method to measure soil respiration was tested along with the traditional alkali trap and titration method. The new method involves the Solvita gel system, which was originally designed for CO2 respiration from compost but has been applied in this research to soils with treatments of increasing dairy manure compost. The objectives of this research are to (1) examine the relationship between the CO2 release after 1 day of incubation from soils amended with dairy manure compost that have been dried and rewetted as determined using the titration method and the Solvita gel system, and (2) compare water‐soluble organic nitrogen (N), as well as carbon (C), N, and phosphorus (P) mineralization after 28 days of incubation with 1‐day CO2 release from the titration method and Solvita gel system. One‐day CO2 from both titration and the Solvita gel system were highly correlated with cumulative 28‐day CO2 as well as the basal rate from 7–28 days of incubation. Both methods were also highly correlated with 28‐day N and P mineralization as well as the initial water‐extractable organic N and C concentration. The data suggest that the Solvita gel system for soil CO2 analysis could be a simple and easily used method to quantify soil microbial activity and possibly provide an estimate of potential mineralizable N and P. Once standardized soil sampling and laboratory analysis protocols are established, the Solvita method could be easily adapted to commercial soil testing laboratories as an index of soil microbial activity.

Soil respiration

Carbon respiration

Soil carbon

Nitrogen Cycle

10.1080/00103620802358862

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Citations (120)

COMPILATION OF MEASURED NUTRIENT LOAD DATA FOR AGRICULTURAL LAND USES IN THE UNITED STATES

JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association (2006)

Daren Harmel Steve Potter Pamela Casebolt Ken Reckhow Colleen Green

Agricultural land

10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb05604.x

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Citations (58)

Simple and Rapid Laboratory Method for Rewetting Dry Soil for Incubations

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis (2010)

R. L. Haney Elizabeth B. Haney

Soil microbial activity is greatly affected by soil water content. Determining the appropriate moisture content to rewet soils that have been dried in preparation for laboratory incubations to determine microbial activity can be laborious and time-consuming. The most common methods used achieve sufficient moisture content for peak microbial respiration are gravimetric water content, soil matric potential, or percentage of water-filled pore space (WFPS). Alternatively, a fast, simple, and accurate way to ensure that a given soil receives the appropriate amount of water for peak soil microbial respiration is to rely on natural capillary action for rewetting the dry soil. The capillary method is related to the gravimetric method for water uptake and has a strong correlation with WFPS. A microbial respiration test was conducted to compare rewetting methods. The 24-h carbon dioxide (CO2) / carbon (C) results were very similar and strongly correlated using the gravimetric method and the capillary method for rewetting dried soil.

Gravimetric analysis

Soil respiration

Soil test

10.1080/00103624.2010.482171

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Citations (146)

Development of a New Soil Extractant for Simultaneous Phosphorus, Ammonium, and Nitrate Analysis

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis (2006)

R. L. Haney Elizabeth B. Haney L. R. Hossner Jeffrey G. Arnold

Abstract A new soil extractant (H3A) with the ability to extract NH4, NO3, and P from soil was developed and tested against 32 soils, which varied greatly in clay content, organic carbon (C), and soil pH. The extractant (H3A) eliminates the need for separate phosphorus (P) extractants for acid and calcareous soils and maintains the extract pH, on average, within one unit of the soil pH. The extractant is composed of organic root exudates, lithium citrate, and two synthetic chelators (DTPA, EDTA). The new soil extractant was tested against Mehlich 3, Olsen, and water for extractable P, and 1 M KCl and water‐extractable NH4 and NO2/NO3. The pH of the extractant after adding soil, shaking, and filtration was measured for each soil sample (5 extractants×2 reps×32 soils=320 samples) and was shown to be highly influential on extractable P but has no effect on extractable NH4 or NO2/NO3. H3A was highly correlated with soil‐extractable inorganic N (NH4, NO2/NO3) from both water (r=0.98) and 1 M KCl (r=0.97), as well as being significantly correlated with water (r=0.71), Mehlich 3 (r=0.83), and Olsen (r=0.84) for extractable P.

Soil test

10.1080/00103620600709977

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Citations (59)

Relationships of chloroform fumigation–incubation to soil organic matter pools

Soil Biology and Biochemistry (1999)

Alan J. Franzluebbers R. L. Haney Frank M. Hons

Subtraction

Incubation period

10.1016/s0038-0717(98)00142-4

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Citations (87)