Shaoxiu Ma

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Co-Authors

Xian Xue

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Atsushi Tsunekawa

Tottori University

Linhao Liang

Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources

A. J. Pitman

UNSW Sydney

Fei Peng

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Rensheng Chen

Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources

Tao Wang

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Yongjian Ding

Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources

Chuntan Han

Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources

Liu Jun-feng

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Cooperative Institutions

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

UNSW Sydney

Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement

Australian Research Council

ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science

Université Clermont Auvergne

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

Peking University

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The impact of an urban canopy and anthropogenic heat fluxes on Sydney's climate

International Journal of Climatology (2017)

Shaoxiu Ma A. J. Pitman Melissa Hart Jason P. Evans Navid Haghdadi

ABSTRACT We use the Weather Research and Forecast model and estimate anthropogenic heat ( AH ) fluxes based on fine‐scale energy consumption data for Sydney, Australia, to investigate the effects of urbanization on temperature. We examine both the impact of urban canopy effects ( UCE ) and AH which in combination causes the urban heat island effect. Sydney's urban heat island ( UHI ) varies from −1 to >3.4 °C between day and night and between seasons. UHI intensity is highest at night and an urban cool island is often experienced during the day. UCE contributes 80% of the UHI during summer nights because of the release of stored heat from urban infrastructure that has been absorbed during the day. During the day for UCE , the reduced net radiation and greater heat storage by urban infrastructure combine to slightly cool. In contrast, AH contributes 90% of the UHI during winter nights because it does not dissipate into the higher levels of the boundary layer efficiently. The opposite applies during summer nights and during daytime in both summer and winter where heat mixes effectively into the atmosphere. Our results show contrasting impacts of UCE and AH by time of day and time of year and point to major simulation biases if only one of these phenomena is represented, or if their seasonal contributions are not accounted for separately.

Urban Heat Island

Intensity

10.1002/joc.5001

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Citations (64)

Climate Change Is Leading to a Convergence of Global Climate Distribution

Geophysical Research Letters (2024)

Chuanhua Li Cui Liu Atsushi Tsunekawa Yunfan Liu Peng Yin

Abstract The impact of changes in global temperatures and precipitation on climate distribution remains unclear. Taking the annual global average temperatures and precipitation as the origin, this study determined the climate distribution with the distances of temperature and precipitation from their global averages as the X and Y axes. The results showed that during 1980–2019, the global temperature distribution converged toward the mean (convergence), while the precipitation distribution moved away from the mean (divergence). The combined effects of both led to a convergence in the global climate distribution. During 2025–2100, significant climate convergence is observed under two emission scenarios (SSP245 and SSP585). However, the climate convergence and the area of change in climate type remains insignificant only under SSP126, suggesting that the diversity of the global climate pattern can be maintained under a sustainable emission pathway (SSP126), whereas high emission pathways will lead to greater uniformity in global climate.

Divergence (linguistics)

Global temperature

Representative Concentration Pathways

10.1029/2023gl106658

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The impact of climate change on wind power abundance and variability in China

Energy (2019)

Yang Gao Shaoxiu Ma Tao Wang

10.1016/j.energy.2019.116215

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Citations (59)

Warming-induced shift towards forbs and grasses and its relation to the carbon sequestration in an alpine meadow

Environmental Research Letters (2017)

Fei Peng Xian Xue Manhou Xu Quangang You Guo Jian

Global warming is often associated with changes in abiotic factors and the community composition across alpine ecosystems. However, the way that an altered community dynamics affects the ecosystem carbon (C) balance remains unclear. A warming experiment was initiated in 2010 to assess the potential impacts of warming-induced changes in the community composition and how these changes affect the C balance in mountain meadows located in the permafrost region of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (China).

10.1088/1748-9326/aa6508

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Citations (40)

Earlier green‐up and spring warming amplification over Europe

Geophysical Research Letters (2016)

Shaoxiu Ma A. J. Pitman Ruth Lorenz Jatin Kala Jhan Srbinovsky

Abstract The onset of green‐up of plants has advanced in response to climate change. This advance has the potential to affect heat waves via biogeochemical and biophysical processes. Here a climate model was used to investigate only the biophysical feedbacks of earlier green‐up on climate as the biogeochemical feedbacks have been well addressed. Earlier green‐up by 5 to 30 days amplifies spring warming in Europe, especially heat waves, but makes few differences to heat waves in summer. This spring warming is most noticeable within 30 days of advanced green‐up and is associated with a decrease in low‐ and middle‐layer clouds and associated increases of downward short wave and net radiation. We find negligible differences in the Southern Hemisphere and low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Our results provide an estimate of the level of skill necessary in phenology models to avoid introducing biases in climate simulations.

Biogeochemical Cycle

Heat wave

10.1002/2016gl068062

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Citations (23)

Exploring the Optimal 4D-SfM Photogrammetric Models at Plot Scale

Remote Sensing (2023)

Liu Jun-feng Shaoxiu Ma Rensheng Chen

Structure from Motion (4D-SfM) photogrammetry can capture the changes in surface processes with high spatial and temporal resolution, which is widely used to quantify the dynamic change process of the ground surface. However, the low accuracy and uncertainty of the reconstructed digital elevation models (DEM) with current 4D-SfM photogrammetry hinder its application due to the simple survey pattern with multiple cameras. Hence, this study aims to develop a single-camera-based 4D-SfM photogrammetry device and adopt the “lawn-mower’ survey pattern zigzagging over a 4 × 4 m bare slope to improve the accuracy and stability of reconstructed DEM. Four different image network geometries were generated based on the zigzag-based survey pattern. Two processing settings for Agisoft PhotoScan Pro were tested to reconstruct the 4D-SfM model. In total, we achieved eight different 4D models over a bare slope over a month-long period. The differences, stability and accuracy of eight models were analyzed. The results of the study showed that the different image network geometry and processing settings resulted in significant differences among the eight models of 4D data sequences. Among them, the image network geometry has the greatest influence on the accuracy of 4D data, and the different processing settings cause the least difference for the zigzag image network geometry with a large number of photos. The 49-ultra-high model could achieve submillimeter scale precision and its relative accuracy is superior to most of previous studies. The results of the above study show that the zigzag image network geometry can greatly improve the accuracy and stability of ground-based 4D-SfM photogrammetry.

Structure from Motion

10.3390/rs15092269

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Citations (2)

Dynamic Changes of Sandy Desertification Land in North of Otindag Sandy Land

Shaoxiu Ma Chen Guang-ting

Through conducting field investigations and using digital methods of remote sensing and geographical information system techniques,we analyzed the dynamic changes of sandy desertification land of the north of Otindag sandy land based on the TM images of 2000 and 2005.The data adopted in this study were composed of two types,namely,census data of 2000 and 2005 and remote sensing(data).The datum source of sandy land and the(data) in 2005 came from the interpretation of composite Landsat 5 images of bands 4,3 and 2(R,G,B) according to the local conditions and land use status of sandy desertification.In order to minimize possible interpretation errors,a set of interpretation indicators was established based on field investigations.The area measurements of these types were made using the statistics function of GIS.Results indicated that the development and reversion of sandy desertification co-exited in the study area,and the area of sandy desertification land increased by 1 366.057 from 2000 to 2005.In terms of the extent of sandy desertification,the area of the light sandy desertification increased 239.806 km~2,the area of the moderate,1025.393 km~2,and the area of the severe,850.396 km~2.However the very severe sandy desertification decreased 749.539 km~2.In terms of the administrative region,the areas of sandy desertification land in Sonid Youqi,Sonid Zuoqi,Abga Qi,Xilinhot,Hexigten Qi,Xiujimqin Qi were 1 038.377 km~2,185.487 km~2,15.715 km~2,51.554 km~2,(5.492) km~2,69.431 km~2,respectively and area of sandy desertification land in Linxi had not clearly changed.In general,the status of sandy desertification in the North Otindag sandy land is still serious.

Desertification

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Migration of vegetation boundary between alpine steppe and meadow on a century-scale across the Tibetan Plateau

Ecological Indicators (2022)

Yi Wang Jian Sun Wen He Chongchong Ye Biying Liu

The distribution of alpine vegetation is highly sensitive to climate change, which attracted the attention of climate scientists as well as ecologists. However, the dominant factors of vegetation distribution showed greatly spatiotemporal variation, especially the alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau, which is known as an amplifier of climate warming. In this study, to identify the dominant factors of vegetation distribution, we verified the reliability and accuracy of the classification of alpine steppe and alpine meadow by Random Forest and tried to provide a new reference for the classification schemes. Dataset collected from the field investigations (200 sites) and previous publications(200 sites) were used in this study for model calibration and validation. Then climate models of CMIP6 were used to forecast the underlying transfers and changes of vegetation boundary in the future. Our results revealed that precipitation may be the dominant driver in the alpine grassland distribution, with the highest relative importance of 41.26%. Through different climate scenarios from 2000 to 2100, the vegetation boundary showed a shift from northeast to southwest. Within the SSP5-8.5 scenario it moves from 94.50° to 93.49° and shifted from north to south by 0.34°. Our results demonstrated the significant role of precipitation in the alpine grassland distribution and revealed the migration of the alpine grassland ecosystem under different climate change scenarios. Our work may be useful to deal with global climate change, early warning, and grassland protection, as well as adaptive management of grassland.

Steppe

Alpine climate

10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108599

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Citations (16)

Investigating the impact of climate change on crop phenological events in Europe with a phenology model

International Journal of Biometeorology (2011)

Shaoxiu Ma Galina Churkina Kristina Trusilova

10.1007/s00484-011-0478-6

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Citations (45)

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Mitigation Options on Heat Stress for Sydney, Australia

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology (2017)

Shaoxiu Ma A. J. Pitman Jiachuan Yang C. Carouge Jason P. Evans

Abstract Global warming, in combination with the urban heat island effect, is increasing the temperature in cities. These changes increase the risk of heat stress for millions of city dwellers. Given the large populations at risk, a variety of mitigation strategies have been proposed to cool cities—including strategies that aim to reduce the ambient air temperature. This paper uses common heat stress metrics to evaluate the performance of several urban heat island mitigation strategies. The authors found that cooling via reducing net radiation or increasing irrigated vegetation in parks or on green roofs did reduce ambient air temperature. However, a lower air temperature did not necessarily lead to less heat stress because both temperature and humidity are important factors in determining human thermal comfort. Specifically, cooling the surface via evaporation through the use of irrigation increased humidity—consequently, the net impact on human comfort of any cooling was negligible. This result suggests that urban cooling strategies must aim to reduce ambient air temperatures without increasing humidity, for example via the deployment of solar panels over roofs or via cool roofs utilizing high albedos, in order to combat human heat stress in the urban environment.

Urban Heat Island

Passive cooling

Solar gain

10.1175/jamc-d-17-0061.1

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Citations (36)