China has a significant portion of land in landslide-prone areas, and remote sensing technologies are becoming a tool of choice to investigate and monitor landslides. Although much progress has been made with remote sensing technologies and their applications in China, there is no systematical summary report. Thus, we summarize Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), optical remote sensing, and laser technologies currently being used in China, and their associated platforms (space-borne, air-borne, and ground-based). Multi-temporal optical images and time series SAR are often used to detect active landslides at time scales of years and months. The latest optical images and SAR intensity images are usual adopted to map fresh landslides, especial for coseismic landslides. LiDAR technology has been widely applied to identify ancient landslides. Combining advantages and limitations of every technology, an integrated space-air-ground collaborative investigation strategy has been proposed for early identification and early warning of landslides. Additionally, a comprehensive landslide investigation integrating multidisciplinary approaches, including remote sensing, geology, and geophysical exploration, could be a further developing trend, because remote sensing technologies just provide surface information, while a complete understanding of landslides requires more than surface information – knowledge of geotechnical parameters, geological features, and field conditions is also needed.
The Sedongpu Basin is characterized by frequent glacial debris movements and glacial hazards. To accurately monitor and research these glacier hazards, Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar images observed between 2014 and 2022 were collected to extract surface motion using SBAS-POT technology. The acquired temporal surface deformation and multiple optical remote sensing images were then jointly used to analyze the characteristics of the long-term glacier movement in the Sedongpu Basin. Furthermore, historical meteorological and seismic data were collected to analyze the mechanisms of multiple ice avalanche chain hazards. It was found that abnormal deformation signals of glaciers SDP1 and SDP2 could be linked to the historical ice avalanche disaster that occurred around the Sedongpu Basin. The maximum deformation rate of SDP1 was 74 m/a and the slope cumulative deformation exceeded 500 m during the monitoring period from 2014 to 2022, which is still in active motion at present; for SDP2, a cumulative deformation of more than 300 m was also detected over the monitoring period. Glaciers SDP3, SDP4, and SDP5 have been relatively stable until now; however, ice cracks are well developed in SDP4 and SDP5, and ice avalanche events may occur if these ice cracks continue to expand under extreme natural conditions in the future. Therefore, this paper emphasizes the seriousness of the ice avalanche event in Sedongpu Basin and provides data support for local disaster management and disaster prevention and reduction.
Research Article| October 10, 2018 Midcrustal Thrusting and Vertical Deformation Partitioning Constraint by 2017 Mw 7.3 Sarpol Zahab Earthquake in Zagros Mountain Belt, Iran Ying‐Hui Yang; Ying‐Hui Yang aDepartment of Remote Sensing and Surveying Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, No. 8, Xindu Road, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China, xzhfhyyy@126.comzegen01@126.comhAlso at Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Jyr‐Ching Hu; Jyr‐Ching Hu bDepartment of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China, jchu@ntu.edu.tw Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ali Yassaghi; Ali Yassaghi cDepartment of Geology, Tarbiat Modares University, 14117‐13116 Tehran, Iran, Yassaghi@modares.ac.ir Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Min‐Chien Tsai; Min‐Chien Tsai dSeismological Center, Central Weather Bureau, No. 64, Gongyuan Road, Taipei 10048, Taiwan, Republic of China, minchyen@cwb.gov.tw Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Mehdi Zare; Mehdi Zare eDepartment of Mining Engineering, University of Tehran, 1417466191 Tehran, Iran, mzare@iiees.ac.irf_kamranzad@ut.ac.ir Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Qiang Chen; Qiang Chen fDepartment of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 111, North 1st Section, 2nd Ring Road, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China, swjtucq@sina.com Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ze‐Gen Wang; Ze‐Gen Wang aDepartment of Remote Sensing and Surveying Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, No. 8, Xindu Road, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China, xzhfhyyy@126.comzegen01@126.com Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ali M. Rajabi; Ali M. Rajabi gEngineering Geology Department, School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, No.16, Azar Street, Enghelab Square, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran, amrajabi@ut.ac.ir Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Farnaz Kamranzad Farnaz Kamranzad eDepartment of Mining Engineering, University of Tehran, 1417466191 Tehran, Iran, mzare@iiees.ac.irf_kamranzad@ut.ac.iriAlso at Swiss Seismological Service, ETH Zürich, CH‐8092 Zürich, Switzerland; farnaz.kamranzad@sed.ethz.ch. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Seismological Research Letters (2018) 89 (6): 2204–2213. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220180022 Article history first online: 10 Oct 2018 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Ying‐Hui Yang, Jyr‐Ching Hu, Ali Yassaghi, Min‐Chien Tsai, Mehdi Zare, Qiang Chen, Ze‐Gen Wang, Ali M. Rajabi, Farnaz Kamranzad; Midcrustal Thrusting and Vertical Deformation Partitioning Constraint by 2017 Mw 7.3 Sarpol Zahab Earthquake in Zagros Mountain Belt, Iran. Seismological Research Letters 2018;; 89 (6): 2204–2213. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220180022 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietySeismological Research Letters Search Advanced Search ABSTRACT We investigate the geodetic data set of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) including Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS)‐2 and Sentinel‐1A/1B satellites for inferring the fault model of the 2017 Mw 7.3 Sarpol Zahab, Iran, earthquake. The InSAR deformation fields show that the seismogenic fault does not reach the ground surface, but some shallow folds have been triggered by the mainshock. Our preferred faulting model suggests that the coseismic rupture occurs on a single planar fault surface with a strike angle of 337.5°. Two significant slip sources are determined by the geodetic data: one is located within the 11.8‐ to 13.5‐km depth range with a peak slip of 4.9 m, and the other occurs at the shallower depth (10.5–12.5 km) with a peak slip of 4.5 m. Both of them are responsible for the primary deformation signals in the geodetic imagery. The significant fault slip concentrates at the 10‐ to 14‐km depth within the Pan‐African basement. However, most of the aftershocks have depths between 3 and 12 km in the shallow sedimentary section. We hypothesize that the Hormuz Salt section with a depth of 12–13 km detaches the high‐slip zones from the aftershock cluster, by which the fault slip is not transferred through the intervening salt section to the surface. The predicted static Coulomb stress change by our preferred faulting model at a depth of 10 km could encourage the occurrence of aftershocks. Moreover, the triggered fault‐related folding in the southwest of the seismic zone has a positive Coulomb stress change and aseismic slip caused by the mainshock. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
It is challenging to precisely measure the slow interseismic crustal-deformation rate from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The long-wavelength orbital errors, owing to the uncertainties in satellite orbit vectors, commonly exist in SAR interferograms, which degrade the precision of the Interferometric SAR (InSAR) products and become the main barrier to extracting interseismic tectonic deformation. In this study, we propose a novel temporal-network orbital correction method that is able to isolate the far-fault tectonic deformation from the mixed long-wavelength signals based on its spatio–temporal characteristic. The proposed approach is straightforward in methodology but could effectively separate the subtle tectonic deformation from glaring orbital errors without ancillary data. Both synthetic data and real Sentinel-1 SAR images are used to validate the reliability and effectiveness of this method. The derived InSAR velocity fields clearly present the predominant left-lateral strike-slip motions of the Tuosuo Lake segment of the Kunlun fault in western China. The fault-parallel velocity differences of 5–6 mm/yr across the fault between areas ~50 km away from the fault trace are addressed. The proposed method presents a significantly different performance from the traditional quadratic approximate method in the far field. Through the implementation of the proposed method, the root mean square error (RMSE) between the LOSGPS and our derived descending InSAR LOS (line of sight) measurements is reduced to less than one-third of the previous study, suggesting its potential to enhance the availability of InSAR technology for interseismic crustal-deformation measurement.
On 6 February 2023 (UTC), an earthquake doublet, consisting of the Mw 7.8 Pazarcik earthquake and the Mw 7.5 Elbistan earthquake, struck south-central Turkey and northwestern Syria, which was the largest earthquake that occurred in Turkey since the 1939 Erzincan earthquake. The faulting model of this earthquake was estimated based on the coseismic InSAR and GPS displacements. In addition, the best-fitting coseismic faulting model indicates that both the Pazarcik earthquake and the Elbistan earthquake were controlled by predominated left-lateral strike-slip motion, with slip peaks of 9.7 m and 10.8 m, respectively. The Coulomb failure stress (CFS) change suggests that the Pazarcik earthquake has a positive effect in triggering the rupture of the seismogenic fault of the Elbistan earthquake. Furthermore, these two main shocks promoted the occurrence of the Mw 6.3 strong aftershock. Additionally, it is found that the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquake doublet increased the rupture risk of the Puturge segment of the EAF fault and the northern segment of the Dead Sea Fault (DSF). It is crucial to note that the northern segment of the DSF has not experienced a large earthquake in several centuries, highlighting the need for heightened attention to the potential seismic hazard of this segment. Finally, a deformation zone adjacent to the DSF was identified, potentially attributed to the motion of a blind submarine fault.
Abstract. Landslide disasters are one of the main risks involved with the operation of long-distance oil and gas pipelines. Because previously established disaster risk models are too subjective, this paper presents a quantitative model for regional risk assessment through an analysis of the patterns of historical landslide disasters along oil and gas pipelines. Using the Guangyuan section of the Lanzhou–Chengdu–Chongqing (LCC) long-distance multiproduct oil pipeline (82 km) in China as a case study, we successively carried out two independent assessments: a susceptibility assessment and a vulnerability assessment. We used an entropy weight method to establish a system for the vulnerability assessment, whereas a Levenberg–Marquardt back propagation (LM-BP) neural network model was used to conduct the susceptibility assessment. The risk assessment was carried out on the basis of two assessments. The first, the system of the vulnerability assessment, considered the pipeline position and the angle between the pipe and the landslide (pipeline laying environmental factors). We also used an interpolation theory to generate the standard sample matrix of the LM-BP neural network. Accordingly, a landslide susceptibility risk zoning map was obtained based on susceptibility and vulnerability assessment. The results show that about 70 % of the slopes were in high-susceptibility areas with a comparatively high landslide possibility and that the southern section of the oil pipeline in the study area was in danger. These results can be used as a guide for preventing and reducing regional hazards, establishing safe routes for both existing and new pipelines, and safely operating pipelines in the Guangyuan area and other segments of the LCC oil pipeline.
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