The photoactive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are good candidates for photocatalysts, but the quick electron-hole pairs recombination has greatly restricted the photocatalytic ability of MOFs. To improve the photoactivity of MOFs, MOFs-based composite materials have been extensively studied. Here, we successfully integrated MoS2 quantum dots (QDs) with UiO-66-NH2 for the first time under hydrothermal conditions. The as-prepared MoS2 QDs/UiO-66-NH2 (MS-U) had good visible light response ability (absorption edge at 445 nm), and charge separation and transfer ability, which lays the foundation for the photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction. Photocatalytic studies revealed that MoS2 QDs-5/UiO-66-NH2 (MS-U-5) had superior Cr(VI) reduction activity than pure MoS2 QDs and UiO-66-NH2. MS-U-5 could remove 98% Cr(VI) at pH= 2 with visible light irradiation for 20 min, which is the fastest visible light driven Cr(VI) reduction rate among the reported MOFs-based composite photocatalysts without the presence of any cocatalysts or scavengers as far as we know. Importantly, MS-U-5 could be reused at least three times. In the end, the possible electron transfer path and mechanism of Cr(VI) reduction was also investigated.
Developing high-performance membranes for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) faces significant challenges. This study explores poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as a membrane matrix for VRFBs due to its cost-effectiveness, excellent membrane-forming properties, and strong tensile resistance. Six amino compounds, including 1-propanamine (A1), 3-(dimethylamino)propylamine (A2), 1-(3-aminopropyl)pyrrolidine (A3), 1-(3-aminopropyl)-2-pyrrolidinone (A4), 1-(2-aminoethyl)-4-methylpiperazine (A5), and N-aminoethylpiperazine (A6), are used to functionalize PVC through nucleophilic reactions. Among these, the PVC-A6 membrane, with bis-functional sites, shows a remarkable acid doping capability (89.3%), good mechanical strength (5.6 MPa), low area resistance (0.32 Ω·cm2), and superior vanadium ion resistance (2.99 × 10–7 cm2 min–1), resulting in an ion selectivity three times higher than Nafion 115. The PVC-A6 membrane's technical feasibility was demonstrated in VRFB applications. Compared to Nafion 115, the VRFB with PVC-A6 exhibits significantly higher cell efficiencies across current densities from 60 to 160 mA cm–2 and superior cyclic stability, indicating that economically friendly PVC-Ax membranes hold great potential for VRFB applications.