Crop improvement is a multifaceted micro-evolutionary process, involving changes in breeding approaches, planting configurations and consumption preferences of human beings. Recent research has started to identify the specific genes or genomic regions correlate to improved agronomic traits, however, an apparent blank between the genetic structure of crop elite varieties and their improving histories in diverse modern breeding programs is still in existence. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) was one of the earliest cereal crops to be domesticated and served as a staple crop for early civilizations in China, where it is still widely grown today. In the present trial, a panel of foxtail millet elite varieties, which were released in the last sixty years in different geographical regions of China, was characterized using microsatellite markers (SSRs). A clear separation of two subpopulations corresponding to the two eco-geographical regions of foxtail millet production in China was identified by the dataset, which also indicated that in more recently released elite varieties, large quantities of accessions have been transferred from spring-sowing to summer-sowing ecotypes, likely as a result of breeding response to planting configurations. An association mapping study was conducted to identify loci controlling traits of major agronomic interest. Furthermore, selective sweeps involved in improvement of foxtail millet were identified as multi-diverse minor effect loci controlling different agronomic traits during the long-term improvement of elite varieties. Our results highlight the effect of transition of planting configuration and breeding preference on genetic evolvement of crop species.
Jilin province is an important corn production,under production volume growth in a row circumstances,progress in farmers' income is slow.With rapid development about corn processing,the farmers have got more tangible benefits.The probem of increasing peasants' income is the focus all the time.corn comprehensive utilization and fine and further processing,according to the development model of circular economy,comprehensive links corn industry is the way to develop corn processing,is the effective shortcut of increasing peasants' income and environmental protection.
Significance C 4 cereals in subfamily Panicoideae typically produce large and long leaf blades for efficient capture of light and photosynthesis but the leaves droop downward, particularly at the adult stage, thus, adversely affecting canopy structure and grain yield. Identification of key regulators that control leaf droopiness is crucial to improve plant architecture in these crops. We showed that DPY1, a regulator of SiBRI1–SiBAK1 interaction, prevents BR signaling from overactivation in response to high doses of BRs to ensure that the long leaf blades grow upward in Setaria . Overexpressing DPY1 improves plant architecture with upright leaves. This study provides cellular and molecular insights into plant architecture control for cereal breeding.
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