Audrey Buleté

Institut des Sciences Analytiques

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Emmanuelle Vulliet

Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l'Environnement

Jeanne Garric

Communauté urbaine de Lyon

Aurélie Fildier

Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l'Environnement

Johnny Gaspéri

Université Gustave Eiffel

Yves Coquet

AgroParisTech

Luc Belzunces

Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement

Romain Mailler

Suez (France)

Laure Wiest

Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l'Environnement

Jean‐Luc Brunet

Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement

Barbara Giroud

Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1

Cooperative Institutions

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement

AgroParisTech

Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1

Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l'Environnement

Laboratoire Eau, Environnement et Systèmes Urbains

École Normale Supérieure de Lyon

Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique

Institut des Sciences Analytiques

Université Paris-Est Créteil

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Widespread Occurrence of Chemical Residues in Beehive Matrices from Apiaries Located in Different Landscapes of Western France

PLoS ONE (2013)

Olivier Lambert Mélanie Piroux Sophie Puyo Chantal Thorin Monique L’Hostis

Background The honey bee, Apis mellifera, is frequently used as a sentinel to monitor environmental pollution. In parallel, general weakening and unprecedented colony losses have been reported in Europe and the USA, and many factors are suspected to play a central role in these problems, including infection by pathogens, nutritional stress and pesticide poisoning. Honey bee, honey and pollen samples collected from eighteen apiaries of western France from four different landscape contexts during four different periods in 2008 and in 2009 were analyzed to evaluate the presence of pesticides and veterinary drug residues. Methodology/Findings A multi-residue analysis of 80 compounds was performed using a modified QuEChERS method, followed by GC-ToF and LC−MS/MS. The analysis revealed that 95.7%, 72.3% and 58.6% of the honey, honey bee and pollen samples, respectively, were contaminated by at least one compound. The frequency of detection was higher in the honey samples (n = 28) than in the pollen (n = 23) or honey bee (n = 20) samples, but the highest concentrations were found in pollen. Although most compounds were rarely found, some of the contaminants reached high concentrations that might lead to adverse effects on bee health. The three most frequent residues were the widely used fungicide carbendazim and two acaricides, amitraz and coumaphos, that are used by beekeepers to control Varroa destructor. Apiaries in rural-cultivated landscapes were more contaminated than those in other landscape contexts, but the differences were not significant. The contamination of the different matrices was shown to be higher in early spring than in all other periods. Conclusions/Significance Honey bees, honeys and pollens are appropriate sentinels for monitoring pesticide and veterinary drug environmental pollution. This study revealed the widespread occurrence of multiple residues in beehive matrices and suggests a potential issue with the effects of these residues alone or in combination on honey bee health.

Apiary

Beehive

Amitraz

QuEChERS

Bee Pollen

Beeswax

Veterinary Drugs

Coumaphos

10.1371/journal.pone.0067007

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Citations (162)

A Pragmatic Approach to Assess the Exposure of the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) When Subjected to Pesticide Spray

PLoS ONE (2014)

Yannick Poquet Laurent Bodin Marc Tchamitchian Marion Fusellier Barbara Giroud

Plant protection spray treatments may expose non-target organisms to pesticides. In the pesticide registration procedure, the honey bee represents one of the non-target model species for which the risk posed by pesticides must be assessed on the basis of the hazard quotient (HQ). The HQ is defined as the ratio between environmental exposure and toxicity. For the honey bee, the HQ calculation is not consistent because it corresponds to the ratio between the pesticide field rate (in mass of pesticide/ha) and LD50 (in mass of pesticide/bee). Thus, in contrast to all other species, the HQ can only be interpreted empirically because it corresponds to a number of bees/ha. This type of HQ calculation is due to the difficulty in transforming pesticide field rates into doses to which bees are exposed. In this study, we used a pragmatic approach to determine the apparent exposure surface area of honey bees submitted to pesticide treatments by spraying with a Potter-type tower. The doses received by the bees were quantified by very efficient chemical analyses, which enabled us to determine an apparent surface area of 1.05 cm2/bee. The apparent surface area was used to calculate the exposure levels of bees submitted to pesticide sprays and then to revisit the HQ ratios with a calculation mode similar to that used for all other living species. X-tomography was used to assess the physical surface area of a bee, which was 3.27 cm2/bee, and showed that the apparent exposure surface was not overestimated. The control experiments showed that the toxicity induced by doses calculated with the exposure surface area was similar to that induced by treatments according to the European testing procedure. This new approach to measure risk is more accurate and could become a tool to aid the decision-making process in the risk assessment of pesticides.

Hazard quotient

10.1371/journal.pone.0113728

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Citations (38)

Evaluation of the influence of surfactants in the bioaccumulation kinetics of sulfamethoxazole and oxazepam in benthic invertebrates

The Science of The Total Environment (2017)

María Jesús García-Galán Martin Sordet Audrey Buleté Jeanne Garric Emmanuelle Vulliet

Oxazepam

Bioconcentration

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.085

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Citations (27)